지역의 영지(靈地)신앙 의례의 일고 - 울산 북구 어물동 방바위 마애사 산신재를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper explores the phenomenon of the fusion of Buddhism and folk faith in the Ulsan. In particular, it analyzes how the 'Non-permanent Appearance doctrine' of Buddhism and the environmental elements of folk religion have merged, centered around the Ulsan Amuldong Maae Buddha statue. It shows how folk faiths and Buddhist ceremonies conducted around the Maae Buddha statue influence and coexist with each other, clearly demonstrating how Buddhism has become localized in Ulsan by integrating with folk faiths. The fusion of Buddhism and folk faith illustrates that Buddhism has evolved not merely as a foreign religion but as one that meets the deep cultural and spiritual needs of the local community. This study highlights how the Buddhist temples and folk faiths in Ulsan form a mutually complementary relationship. The unique ceremonial aspects of the Sanshin-jae(Mountain Spirit ritual) at Ulsan Amuldong Bawibawi Maaesa temple were explored, including traditional mountain spirit rituals, the Medicine Buddha ritual, and the Dragon King ritual, which show how religious ceremonies reflect regional characteristics. The various mantras used in the ceremony, the types of offerings, and the direct participation of the congregants are particularly notable, illustrating how the fusion of Buddhism and folk faith forms meaning within the community. Especially, the preparation and offering of ceremonial food highlight the communal sharing and interaction, suggesting that the ceremony functions not just as a religious event but as a venue for social reciprocity and exchange. This research aims to understand the sociocultural functions of modern religious ceremonies by analyzing how the San-shin ceremony at Maaesa temple in Ulsan continues to maintain its significance and importance in contemporary society