≪论语≫中“君子”人格研究: 基于孔子“仁道”思想的视角
A Study on the Personality of the "Gentlemen"(Junzi) in Analects: Focus on Confucius' "Benevolence"(Rendao) Thought
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孔子称自己的思想体系为“道”, 这也是他思想的最高范畴, 主要分为“天道”和“人道”, 而孔子更关注“人道”, 即“仁”, 作为其思想的核心｡ 而“仁”是“君子”的本质规定, 即仁、智、勇三达德的有机统一｡ 而为了突出“君子”的形象, 孔子将其与“聖人”、“小人”等进行比较, 明确了“君子”的独特人格形象, 即不只关涉“德”, 也不必然“在位”, 是学识、境界、品行、能力的集大成者｡ 而要达到这一标准, 就需要在“为学”、“为人”、“处世”、“为政”等层面努力下功夫｡ 唯有如此, 才有可能成为一名真正的“君子”｡
Abstract
Confucius said his own ideological system as the "Tao", which is the highest category of his thoughts. Mainly divided into "heaven" and "humanity", he focused more on "humanitarian",that is "benevolence", as the core of his thought. With "benevolence" being released "the ritual", Confucius achieved the creative transformation of rites. And in order to restore rites, practice both "benevolence" and "the ritual", Confucius started the "junzi", as the ideal personality image, namely, the three moralities of "benevolence", "think tank" and "yong". In order to highlight the image of "junzi", Confucius compared with the "saints", "bad man", defined the unique personality image of "junzi", which was not only related to "DE", also is not necessarily "reign", but is the aggregation of learning, state, character and ability. However,In order to achieve this standard, people should try their best in the "learning", "behaving" and "conducting", and "administrating". Only by this, one was able to be a real "junzi".
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