한국 중년에서 건강 행동의 인식도와 실천율의 관련성
Relationship between the Awareness and Health Behavior in Middle-aged Koreans
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연구배경: 건강행동의 인식도 향상을 위한 노력에도 불구하고, 실제 건강행동의 실천에는 어려움이 있어, 집단의 건강행동에 대한 인식도와 실천 사이의 관계에 영향을 미치는 요인을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 중년에서의 건강행동의 중요도 인식 정도와 실천 사이의 관계에 영향을 미치는 요인을 이해하고자 시도되었다. 방법: 전국의 중년 남녀(40세 이상, 65세 미만) 1,047명을 대상으로 전화 면접(RDD)을 통해 시행한 연구로, 건강행동에 대한 중요도 인식 정도와 실천의 일치도 여부를 조사하고, 각 건강행동에 대해 높은 인식도인 군만 선택하여 건강행동을 실천하지 않는 것과 관련된 인자를 상관분석하였다. 결과: 건강행동의 중요도 인식이 높은 군에서 비실천과 관련된 인자를 분석한 결과이다. 금연, 절주 및 정상 체중 유지에서는 남자에 유의하게 많았다. 남자에서 흡연과 문제음주는 낮은 연령, 잦은 스트레스, 긴 근무시간, 적은 휴식과 관련이 있고, 특히 문제음주는 많은 수입, 직업군과 관련이 있었다. 흡연과 문제음주는 남녀 모두에서 서로 연관이 있었다. 비정상체중인 여자는 높은 연령대, 낮은 학력, 적은 수입, 동반된 만성 질환과 관련이 있었다. 규칙적 운동을 하지 않는 것은 낮은 교육 수준, 적은 수입, 긴 근로시간, 적은 휴식시간과 유의하게 관련이 있었다. 결론: 중년 남자의 건강증진을 위해서는 직장 내 스트레스 관리와 사회문화적 음주 인식의 개선에 중점을 두고, 흡연과 음주에 대한 중재를 함께 진행하는 것이 효과적일 수 있다. 중년 여자에서의 건강증진을 위해서는 사회계층별 건강행동의 차이를 효과적으로 줄일 수 있는 다양한 정책과 이들을 특정 표적 집단으로 하는 방안들이 연구되어야 하겠다.
Abstract
Relationship between the Awareness and Health Behavior in Middle-aged KoreansSo Yeon Chung, M.D., Kyoung Woo Kim, M.D.*, Yun Ryong Chang, M.D., Hyuk Tae Kwon, M.D.**, Yu Il Kim, M.D.***, Bong Ryul Huh, M.D., Ph.D.****, BeLong Cho, M.D., Ph.D.† Background: Despite growing awareness of health behavior, making actual behavioral change seems to be more complex. This study assessed factors influencing discrepancy between the awareness and health behavior in Korean middle-aged people. Methods: A random-digit-dial telephone survey of 1,047 middle-aged Koreans was carried out in 2004. Through the survey, the agreement between the level of awareness and health behavior was analyzed. And factors related to health-risk behaviors in the group of appropriate awareness were analyzed. Results: In the group of appropriate awareness, males tended to be smokers, problem-drinkers and were not maintaining normal weight. In men, younger age, longer work-hours and more frequent stress were significantly related to both smoking and problem-drinking despite appropriate awareness. Higher income and blue-color working class were also predictors for the problem- drinking. In women, older age, lower education, lower income and comorbid disease were significantly related to abnormal weight. Physical inactivity was significantly related to lower education, longer working hours and lower income. Conclusion: This study showed that sociodemographic factors and stress were related with health-risk behavior with appropriate awareness in middle-aged people. These findings are expected to have implications for development of health promotion program focusing on stress management, improvement of sociocultural perception and simultaneous intervention for both smoking and alcohol. For middle-aged Korean women, more efforts must be made to remove economical and sociocultural barriers. (J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28:845-852)
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