Hybrids and Bastards: The Erosion of Trojan and Greek Identities in Troilus and Cressida
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In Troilus and Cressida both the Trojans and the Greeks are exposed to satirical demeaning in the collective scale as well as at the level of individual characters. This article examines how the two mutually related notions of hybridity and bastardy work in the demeaning and argues that the erosion of the Trojan/Greek distinction caused by hybrid and illegitimate characters in this play is comparable with the instability of English identity represented in history plays. The first section studies Ajax whose “Trojan blood” highlights the issues of hybridity and bastardy in the play. Ajax’s Trojan mother (Hesione) is in the same league as Helen and Cressida, who are the subjects of the discussion of the second section, since they all cross the Trojan/Greek boundary and contribute to the erosion of the distinction between the two warring sides in their respective relationships with men. The third section focuses on Thersites’s proposal of a fraternity of bastards to Margarelon which, though absurd, satirically destabilizes the Trojan/Greek distinction. Shakespeare’s dramatization in Troilus and Cressida of the theme earlier explored with reference to England shows his continuing interest in it and suggests its relevance to the final years of the Elizabethan period.
Abstract
In Troilus and Cressida both the Trojans and the Greeks are exposed to satirical demeaning in the collective scale as well as at the level of individual characters. This article examines how the two mutually related notions of hybridity and bastardy work in the demeaning and argues that the erosion of the Trojan/Greek distinction caused by hybrid and illegitimate characters in this play is comparable with the instability of English identity represented in history plays. The first section studies Ajax whose “Trojan blood” highlights the issues of hybridity and bastardy in the play. Ajax’s Trojan mother (Hesione) is in the same league as Helen and Cressida, who are the subjects of the discussion of the second section, since they all cross the Trojan/Greek boundary and contribute to the erosion of the distinction between the two warring sides in their respective relationships with men. The third section focuses on Thersites’s proposal of a fraternity of bastards to Margarelon which, though absurd, satirically destabilizes the Trojan/Greek distinction. Shakespeare’s dramatization in Troilus and Cressida of the theme earlier explored with reference to England shows his continuing interest in it and suggests its relevance to the final years of the Elizabethan period.
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