스포츠 전문화에 따른 청소년 운동선수의 과사용 손상과 과사용 손상 예방을 위한 근신경 훈련의 최신 동향: 문헌고찰

Abstract

PURPOSE: Sports specialization is a global trend; however, it negatively affects youth athletes. This study aimed to analyze overuse injuries associated with sports specialization in youth and propose prevention strategies. METHODS: A literature search (2015–2024) was conducted using academic databases such as ‘PubMed’ and ‘Google Scholar’. Six studies on sports specialization and overuse injuries and five studies on neuromuscular training for injury prevention were selected. RESULTS: Analysis of six studies on sports specialization and overuse injuries indicated that higher levels of sports specialization were associated with increased overuse injury rates. In particular, we found that the higher the sports specialization, the more frequent the rate of sports injuries. An analysis of five papers on overuse injury prevention found that neuromuscular training was effective in preventing overuse injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The more specialized a youth athlete is in a sport, the more likely he or she is to develop an overuse injury. Early sports specialization further increases this risk. Neuromuscular training has been shown to effectively reduce the risk factors of overuse injuries in young athletes, reduce injury incidence, and enhance recovery by promoting neuroadaptation and improving motor skills.