파킨슨병 운동성 평가에 대한 문헌 고찰
A Literature Review on Motor Assessment in Parkinson's disease
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초록
본연구는파킨슨병환자의운동성평가기법에대한최근동향을고찰하고, 각평가방법의주요특징, 장단점, 활용사례를종합적으로분석하였다. 전통적인임상척도인UPDRS 및Hoehn and Yahr 척도는신뢰성은높지만평가자의주관성및정량성부족등의한계가지적된다. 이를보완하기위한기술로웨어러블센서, 인공지능기반데이터분석, 착용형보조기기, 새로운생체지표등이활발히연구되고있으며, 이들은보다정밀하고연속적인평가를가능하게한다. 웨어러블센서를활용한관성측정장치(Inertial Measurement Unit), 기반보행분석과진동자극장치는실제임상에서유의미한효과를나타내고있으며, AI 기술은음성, 필기, 망막영상, 유전체데이터등다양한비정형데이터를분석하여조기진단및중증도예측에기여하였다. 그러나이러한기술의임상적용을위해서는표준화, 사용자편의성확보, 윤리적·법적문제해결등의과제가여전히남아있다. 본연구는이러한다양한평가기법들의융합가능성과미래지향적활용방향을제시함으로써, 파킨슨병환자에게보다정밀하고맞춤화된평가및치료전략개발에기초자료를제공하고자한다.
Abstract
This study reviewed recent trends in motor function assessment methods for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and conducted a comprehensive analysis of the key features, advantages, limitations, and clinical applications of each approach. Traditional clinical scales such as the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn and Yahr scale are known for their clinical reliability but are constrained by restricted objectivity and limited sensitivity in detecting subtle motor changes. To address these limitations, technologies such as wearable sensors, AI-based data analysis, assistive devices, and novel biomarkers have been actively explored, enabling more precise and continuous assessments. In particular, wearable devices using inertial measurement units (IMUs), gait analysis systems, and vibration stimulation tools have shown meaningful clinical outcomes. AI technologies have also contributed to early diagnosis and severity prediction by analyzing diverse unstructured data such as speech, handwriting, retinal images, and genomic information. However, challenges remain in clinical implementation, including standardization of protocols, patient usability, clinician adoption, and ethical and regulatory considerations. By outlining the integrative potential and clinical utility of emerging motor assessment technologies, this study provides foundational insights for the development of precise, data-driven, and patient-tailored strategies for Parkinson’s disease management.