6･25전쟁 시 UN군과 공산군의 심리전 비교분석

Abstract

Just before the Korean War and following its outbreak, North Korea's psychological warfare was executed systematically. The objective of North Korea's psychological warfare was to internally destabilize the enemy, rendering them unable to perform in combat. In pursuit of this objective, the General Political Bureau, corps, and divisions in North Korea developed a comprehensive Psychological Warfare Plan, while subordinate units' psychological warfare and information gathering activities were actively carried out. In terms of psychological warfare organization, the North Korean military exhibited a more systematic and comprehensive approach compared to the UN forces. The UN forces did not establish a dedicated psychological warfare organization in the early stages of the war. Later on, their psychological warfare efforts were primarily confined to tactical psychological operations in support of military actions. Conversely, North Korea was coordinated by the Political Bureau, and China oversaw the Enemy Construction Project through the General Command of the People's Army, employing a systematic approach to enemy cooperation down to the platoon level. Regarding psychological warfare strategy, the UN forces centered their efforts on white propaganda, emphasizing respect for human rights over political and ideological content. In contrast, the communist forces focused heavily on political and military black propaganda, including the justification for the socialist revolution and portraying the war as an invasion by North Korea. As a result, the UN forces outperformed the communist forces. Therefore, it is hoped that in-depth research will continue to prepare for future modern and future wars by closely analyzing the psychological warfare conducted by the UN and Communist forces during the Korean War.