『에마레』에서 대비의 위조 동기에 대한 고찰
What Makes the Queen Mother Forge in the Middle English Emaré
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Forgery was a socio-cultural phenomenon that pervaded the Middle Ages so long and so persistently that some historians are little hesitant to call the period the time of forgery. Critics such as Anthony Crafton and Elizabeth Brown, who have studied the history of forgery in western cultures, have pointed out people’s will or desire to revise or rectify the reality that runs counter to what they believe is right or true as one of the motivations that lie behind forgery. Dependent upon this perspective of forgery as one corrective to the wronged or disadvantageous reality, this paper illuminates why the queen mother in the Middle English Emaré may want to forge letters. I argue that by way of forged letters the old queen in the poem intends to banish the unqualified queen Emaré whom the young king chose to marry despite his mother’s strong objection, and that, in so doing, the queen mother may believe that, as mother of the king, she dutifully restores the royal lineage that has been disrupted by the king’s marriage to Emaré and been polluted once more by the birth of the latter’s son. Emaré distinguishes itself from other late Middle English romances, where similar topoi of the Constance saga are pursued, in terms of the ways that it characterizes the queen mother. Queen mothers in other romances are delineated more or less as personifications of evil, and the forgery that they do is no less than an infallible manifestation of their evil nature. The queen mother in Emaré however appears to distance herself from them in several respects. The course of exploring what may make the queen mother forge letters in the poem will thus include the exploration of her position in the tradition of the Constance romances, as well as within the royal household. I will also consider the textual and extra-textual circumstances that may have helped the particular motif of forgery to be employed.
Abstract
Forgery was a socio-cultural phenomenon that pervaded the Middle Ages so long and so persistently that some historians are little hesitant to call the period the time of forgery. Critics such as Anthony Crafton and Elizabeth Brown, who have studied the history of forgery in western cultures, have pointed out people’s will or desire to revise or rectify the reality that runs counter to what they believe is right or true as one of the motivations that lie behind forgery. Dependent upon this perspective of forgery as one corrective to the wronged or disadvantageous reality, this paper illuminates why the queen mother in the Middle English Emaré may want to forge letters. I argue that by way of forged letters the old queen in the poem intends to banish the unqualified queen Emaré whom the young king chose to marry despite his mother’s strong objection, and that, in so doing, the queen mother may believe that, as mother of the king, she dutifully restores the royal lineage that has been disrupted by the king’s marriage to Emaré and been polluted once more by the birth of the latter’s son. Emaré distinguishes itself from other late Middle English romances, where similar topoi of the Constance saga are pursued, in terms of the ways that it characterizes the queen mother. Queen mothers in other romances are delineated more or less as personifications of evil, and the forgery that they do is no less than an infallible manifestation of their evil nature. The queen mother in Emaré however appears to distance herself from them in several respects. The course of exploring what may make the queen mother forge letters in the poem will thus include the exploration of her position in the tradition of the Constance romances, as well as within the royal household. I will also consider the textual and extra-textual circumstances that may have helped the particular motif of forgery to be employed.
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