공동주택 외부조명 설치 현황에 따른 거주자의 범죄불안감 분석 연구

Abstract

Installing proper lighting and securing recognizability is important to reduce the fear of crime in housing to be the safest space. This study aims to explore lighting factors, which affect the fear of crime, by analyzing real illuminance, recognizability and residents’ fear of crime in relation to exterior lighting installed in multi-family housing. For analysis, there was a field study targeting a total of four multi-family houses to investigate illuminance and night recognizability in relation to exterior lighting. Also, a survey was conducted to analyze residents’ fear of crime and lighting factors, which affect the fear of crime. The results of the field study on characteristics of the sections measured are as follows. First, when the lighting installation spacing was narrow, the lighting systems were arranged in a one-sided way and the sections measured had a roadway width of under 6 m, the average horizontal illuminance and the average vertical illuminance were both high. Second, when the lighting installation spacing was narrow, the lighting systems were arranged in a crossed way and the sections measured had a roadway with of 6 m and over, the average level of night recognizability was high. The result of the survey showed when LED lighting installed had a relatively high intensity of illumination, the installation spacing was narrow and the installation height was high, it positively influenced all the activation of exterior space and pedestrian passage utilization, the appropriateness depending on lighting and the fear of crime, and the number of installation did not need to be bigger than the area of complex. Moreover, when the average horizontal illuminance, the average vertical illuminance and night recognizability were all high in the pedestrian passage, a walk in the pedestrian passage became activated, the appropriateness of other person recognition within a distance of 10 m depending on lighting in the pedestrian passage was high, it was easier to detect blind spots in the pedestrian passage and the fear of crime reduced. This study has significance by analyzing the present state of use of exterior spaces including pedestrian passages, the recognizability of blind spots, the appropriateness of lighting and the fear of crime according to the installation conditions of lighting. It is anticipated that further research will be able to analyze the present state of use of exterior spaces among residents and the fear of crime in more depth by examining illuminance and night recognizability of each exterior space.