Simple Assessment of Taxonomic Status and Genetic Diversity of Korean Long-Tailed Goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) Based on Partial Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene Using Non-Invasive Fecal Samples
4
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
South Korea presently harbors less than 800 long-tailed gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus), an endangered species. I report for the first time on the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of the Korean species using non-invasive fecal sampling based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence analyses. To determine the taxonomic status of this species, I reconstructed a consensus neighbor-joining tree and generated a minimum spanning network combining haplotype sequences obtained from feces with a new goral-specific primer set developed using known sequences of the Korean goral and related species (e.g., Russian goral, Chinese goral, Himalayan goral, Japanese serow, etc.). I also examined the genetic diversity of this species. The Korean goral showed only three different haplotypes. The phylogenetic tree and parsimony haplotype network revealed a single cluster of Korean and Russian gorals, separate from related species. Generally, the Korean goral has a relatively low genetic diversity compared with that of other ungulate species (e.g., moose and red deer). I preliminarily showcased the application of non-invasive fecal sampling to the study of genetic characteristics, including the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of gorals, based on mitochondrial DNA. More phylogenetic studies are necessary to ensure the conservation of goral populations throughout South Korea.
Abstract
South Korea presently harbors less than 800 long-tailed gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus), an endangered species. I report for the first time on the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of the Korean species using non-invasive fecal sampling based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence analyses. To determine the taxonomic status of this species, I reconstructed a consensus neighbor-joining tree and generated a minimum spanning network combining haplotype sequences obtained from feces with a new goral-specific primer set developed using known sequences of the Korean goral and related species (e.g., Russian goral, Chinese goral, Himalayan goral, Japanese serow, etc.). I also examined the genetic diversity of this species. The Korean goral showed only three different haplotypes. The phylogenetic tree and parsimony haplotype network revealed a single cluster of Korean and Russian gorals, separate from related species. Generally, the Korean goral has a relatively low genetic diversity compared with that of other ungulate species (e.g., moose and red deer). I preliminarily showcased the application of non-invasive fecal sampling to the study of genetic characteristics, including the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of gorals, based on mitochondrial DNA. More phylogenetic studies are necessary to ensure the conservation of goral populations throughout South Korea.
참고문헌 (42)
- 안정화, "Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for endangered Korean goral (Nemorhaedus caudatus raddeanus) and its molecular phylogenetic status", 박사, 수의생리학, pp.2006
- Arnold, G. W., "Influences of remnant size, spacing pattern and connectivity on population boundaries and demography in euros Macropus robustus living in a fragmented landscape", Biological Conservation, 64, pp.219~230 (1993)
- Baillie, J., "1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals", IUCN, ~ (1996)
- Burkey, T. V., "Extinction in nature reserves : the effect of fragmentation and the importance of migration between reserve fragments", Oikos, 55, pp.75~81 (1989)
- Choi, S. K., "Genetic diversity and population structure of the long-tailed goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, in South Korea", Genes and Genetic Systems, 90, pp.31~41 (2015)
- 최태영, "설악산국립공원내 산양(Nemorhaedus Caudatus Raddeanus)의 잠재 서식지 적합성 모형; 다기준평가기법(MCE)과 퍼지집합(Fuzzy Set)의 도입을 통하여", 한국조경학회지, 32(4), pp.28~38 (2004), 한국조경학회
- Choi, T. Y., "Establishing a Korean goral(Nemorhaedus caudatus raddeanus Heude)reserve in Soraksan National Park, Korea : based on habitat suitability model, habitat capability model, and the concept of minimum viable population", Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 32, pp.23~35 (2005)
- Clement, M., "TCS : a computer program to estimate gene genealogies", Molecular Ecology, 9, pp.1657~1659 (2000)
- Corbet, G. B., "The Mammals of the Indomalayan Region: a Systematic Review" (1992), Oxford University Press
- Coulon, A., "Landscape connectivity influences gene flow in a roe deer population inhabiting a fragmented landscape : an individual-based approach", Molecular Ecology, 13, pp.2841~2850 (2004)
- A Report for Distribution and Ecological Studies of Korean Natural Monument, Goral and Musk Deer, "Cultural Heritage Administration.", Cultural Heritage Administration, ~ (1999)
- Douzery, E., "The mitochondrial control region of Cervidae : evolutionary patterns and phylogenetic content", Molecular Biology and Evolution, 14, pp.1154~1166 (1997)
- Felsenstein, J., "Confidence limits on phylogenies : an approach using the bootstrap", Evolution, 39, pp.783~791 (1985)
- Frankham, R., "Introduction to Conservation Genetics" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- Fu, Y. X., "Statistical tests of neutrality of mutations", Genetics, 133, pp.693~709 (1993)
- Gerloff, U., "Amplification of hypervariable simple sequence repeats(microsatellites)from excremental DNA of wild living bonobos(Pan paniscus)", Molecular Ecology, 4, pp.515~518 (1995)
- Groves, C. P., "The Biology and Management of Mountain Ungulates", pp.45~50 (1985), Croom Helm
- Grubb, P, "Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference", pp.377~414 (1993), Smithsonian Institution Press
- Hall, T. A., "BioEdit : a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95", 98, Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, pp.1999, 41[DOI]
- Hundertmark, K. J., "Genetic relationships deduced from cytochrome-b sequences among moose", Alces, 38, pp.113~122 (2002)
- Hutton, J., "Endangered Species: Threatened Convention: The Past, Present and Future of CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora" (2000), Earthscan
- 장지은, "Genetic integrity and individual identification-based population size estimate of the endangered long-tailed goral, Naemorhedus caudatus from Seoraksan National Park in South Korea, based on a non-invasive genetic approach", Animal Cells and Systems, 24(3), pp.171~179 (2020), 한국통합생물학회[DOI]
- Kimura, M., "A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences", Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16, pp.111~120 (1980)
- Kohn, M. H., "Facts from feces revisited", Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 12, pp.223~227 (1997)
- Kumar, S., "MEGA3 : integrated software for Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis and sequence alignment", Briefings in Bioinformatics, 5, pp.150~163 (2004)
- Lee, S., "Habitat analysis of endangered Korean long-tailed goral(Naemorhedus caudatus raddeanus)with weather forecasting model", Sustainability, 11, pp.6086~ (2019)
- Ludt, C. J., "Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of red deer(Cervus elaphus)", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31, pp.1064~1083 (2004)
- Mead, J. I., "Nemorhaedus goral", Mammalian Species, 335, pp.1~5 (1989)
- 이항, "Molecular Phylogenetic Status of the Korean Goral and Japanese Serow Based on Partial Sequences of the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene", Molecules and Cells, 17(2), pp.365~372 (2004), 한국분자세포생물학회
- Ministry of Environment., "New Technique for the Restoration of Endangered Species in Korea", Ministry of Environment, ~ (2002)
- Ministry of Environment., "Wildlife Protection Act", Ministry of Government Legislation, ~ (2004)
- Nei, M, "Molecular Evolutionary Genetics" (1987), Columbia University Press
- Nowak, R.M., "Walker's Mammals of the World" (1999), Johns Hopkins University Press
- Parson, W., "Species identification by means of the cytochrome b gene", International Journal of Legal Medicine, 114, pp.23~28 (2000)
- Rozas, J., "DnaSP, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods", Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 19, pp.2496~2497 (2003)
- Saitou, N., "The neighbor-joining method : a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees", Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4, pp.406~425 (1987)
- Soulé, M. E., "The effects of habitat fragmentation on chaparral plants and vertebrates", Oikos, 63, pp.39~47 (1992)
- Tajima, F., "Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism", Genetics, 123, pp.585~595 (1989)
- Taylor, P. D., "Connectivity is a vital element of landscape structure", Oikos, 68, pp.571~573 (1993)
- von Dolan, J. M., "Beitrag zur systernatischen Gliederung des Tribus Rupicaprini Simpson, 1945", Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 1, pp.311~407 (1963)
- Wehausen, J. D., "Experiments in DNA extraction and PCR amplification from bighorn sheep feces : the importance of DNA extraction method", Journal of Heredity, 95, pp.503~509 (2004)
- Yang, B.G, "Systematics, ecology and current population status of the goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, in Korea", Doctor, pp.2002