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심리치료 및 상담과 마음챙김 명상의 접점과 활용방안

Common Factors and Application Methods of the Psychotherapy, Counseling and the Mindfulness Meditation.

조현주
불교문예연구소 (Buddhist Culture and Art Laboratory)|2019.12|불교문예연구|제14권 |pp. 11-54|DOI 10.35388/buddhi..14.201912.001

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참고문헌

키워드

mental health정신건강불교심리치료psychotherapy마음챙김 명상mindfulness meditation상담Buddhism.자비명상counselinglovingkindness-compassion mediation
주제분류불교학

초록

본 연구는 마음챙김 명상이 심리치료에 어떻게 도입되었고, 어떻게 심리치료와 상담에 접목되어 왔는지 그리고 명상을 심리치료와 상담에 어떻게 활용할 수 있는지를 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위해 심리학 문헌과 심리학 관련 주요저널 사이트(KISS, PsycARTICLES)를 이용하여, ‘심리치료, 상담, 마음챙김, 명상’에 관한 연구들을 검색하였다. 자료는 종교적인 관점의 연구를 제외하고, 정신건강 관련 연구들을 선택하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 마음챙김 명상은 임상장면에서 스트레스 관리 기법으로 사용하기 시작한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 마음챙김, 마음챙김 명상 그리고 자기자비, 자비명상이 정신·신체건강에 유익한 효과가 나타난다고 보고됨에 따라, 이에 대한 최신의 연구들을 제시하였다. 셋째 마음챙김 기반 심리치료가 일반인 집단뿐만 아니라 우울장애, 불안장애와 같은 임상집단에서도 치료효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 선행 연구들을 검토한 결과, 심리치료와 마음챙김 명상은 각각 정신건강영역과 종교적인 영역에서 출발하여 목적점이 다르지만, 모두 고통을 이해하고 해결하는 방법을 제시하며 심리적 안녕감을 지향하는데 접점이 있음을 확인하였다. 이를 토대로 심리치료 및 상담에서 명상 활용의 방안과 제한점을 제시하고, 미래 연구방향성에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study was to examine how the mindfulness meditation is introduced the psychotherapy, how it is interwined with psychotherapy and counseling and how it is applied in them. This study reviewed the literature of psychology and main journal sites related to psychology using KISS and PsycARTICLES in order to get researches regarding to ‘the psychotherapy, counseling, mindfulness and meditation’. The data was selected on researches of mental health area and researches of a religious point of view were ruled out. Therefore, this study first showed that the mindfulness meditation has started to apply the psychotherapy in the clinical setting as a intervention technique. Secondly, it presented the beneficial effects of research on the mindfulness, the mindfulness meditation, self-compassion and lovingkind- ness-compassion meditation for mental and physical healths. Thirdly, the study showed the effects of the mindfulness based psychotherapy on the general populations and the clinical patients including anxiety disorders and depression disorders. Based on reviewing precedent researches, it suggested both of psycho- therapy and the Buddhism that are oriented to well-being and have problem solution and understanding of suffering although they come from a different way of the mental health area and the religious area, which each have starting point and searching goal. Lastly, it further suggested that the direction of future possible research on the application of meditation in psychotherapy and the limit of this study.

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