일본 근현대 재가불교운동의 특징과 전망

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the characteristic Japanese Lay Buddhist Movement in modern times and propose the direction of Lay Buddhist Religious body. Especially, I will examine the formation, development and the asceticism system of T’ien-t’ai Religious body(天台系敎團) and Shingon Religious body(眞言系敎團) which have been formed in Korea, and show the possibility of development of the Lay Buddhist Religious body In the modern society. The Japanese Buddhist movement took place with the modernization of Japan. In order to solve the social alienation and economic problems caused by the rapid modernization, Lay Buddhist Movement is occurred because Buddhist Order could not suggest any solution. Japanese Lay Buddhist Religious body can be divided by T’ien-t’ai and Shingonsyu(眞言宗). Representative T’ien-t’ai Religious body is Honmonbuturyusyu(本門佛立宗), Kokucyukai(國柱會), Reiyukai(靈友會), Ritsyoukosekai(立正佼成會), Sokagakkai(創價學會). They are all based on Nichirennsyu(日蓮宗), and interested in education and economic issues in order to solve the social problems caused by modernization. Especially Sokagakkai is directly participated in real politics. Shinnyoen(眞如苑) is Shingon Religious body, that based on service and practice, and has many social activities in social issues, environmental problems, and cultural aspects. Based on Buddhist thought, referring to the activities of Buddhist denominations in Japan, I have proposed five ways to participate in the social movement in the human rights field, to expand economic and environmental protection groups, to organize social services and social work, to invest in overall cultural activities, and to encourage political participation as religious methodology to solve social problems and a methodology. This is a solution to social problems that can be done because they are Lay Buddhist, and It can serve as a link between future generations and current generations. And based on the Buddhist ideology, Lay Buddhist and Religious body should be revitalized to develop social movements for the well-being and development of the Lay Buddhist living in social life.