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급성:만성 작업부하 비율(ACWR)과 부상 및 회복 간의 연관성: 팀 스포츠와 개인 스포츠의 비교 분석 및 태권도에서의 적용 가능성에 대한 체계적 검토

Association between Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) and Injury and Recovery: A Systematic Review of Comparative Analysis of Team and Individual Sports and Its Applicability in Taekwondo

정현철|유현아|박찬호
국기원 (KUKKIWON)|2024.12|국기원 태권도연구 (TAEKWONDO JOURNAL OF KUKKIWON)|제15권 제4호|pp. 109-126|DOI 10.24881/tjk.2024.15.4.109

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키워드

태권도Taekwondo이동 평균훈련 부하 관리지수 가중 이동 평균training load managementrolling averageexponentially weighted moving average

초록

목적 본 연구의 목적은 급성:만성 작업부하 비율(ACWR)과 부상 및 회복 간의 연관성에 대한 체계적 검토를 통해 팀 스포츠와 개인 스포츠 간의 차이를 비교하는 것이다. 또한, 태권도 선수들의 부상 예방과 회복 관리에 있어 ACWR 모델의 실질적 적용 가능성을 평가하고자 한다. 방법 Pubmed, Web of Science, 및 Google Scholar 전자 데이터베이스를 활용하여 관련 문헌을 검색하였으며, PRISMA 지침에 따라 최종 21개의 연구를 선정하였다. 연구의 질적 평가는 Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS)을 사용하여 수행하였다. 결과 지수 가중 이동 평균 모델(EWMA)은 이동 평균(RA) 모델에 비해 급성 작업부하의 변화에 민감하게 반응하며, 부상 위험을 보다 정확하게 예측할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 개인 스포츠에서는 내적 부하와 회복 지표를 활용하여 회복 상태를 효과적으로 모니터링하고 관리할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 회복 지표의 활용은 부상 예방뿐 아니라 선수의 회복 최적화에도 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 평가되었다. 결론 EWMA 모델은 태권도와 같은 스포츠에서 부상 예방 및 회복 관리에 효과적이며, 이를 통해 개별 선수의 부하를 정밀하게 관리할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 향후 연구에서는 ACWR뿐만 아니라 다양한 생리학적 지표를 포함한 다각적인 부상 예측 모델을 개발할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the differences between team and individual sports through a systematic review of the association between acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) and injury and recovery, and to evaluate the practical applicability of the ACWR model in injury prevention and recovery management in taekwondo athletes. Method The electronic databases Pubmed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were utilized to search for relevant literature, and 21 studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The qualitative assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results The exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) model was found to be more sensitive to acute changes in workload and more accurate in predicting injury risk compared to the rolling average (RA) model. We also found that in individual sports, recovery status can be effectively monitored and managed by utilizing internal load and recovery indicators. The use of recovery indicators is considered to play an important role not only in injury prevention but also in optimizing athlete recovery. Conclusion The EWMA model appears to be effective for injury prevention and recovery management in sports such as taekwondo, allowing for precise management of individual athlete loads. In future studies, it is necessary to develop a multifaceted injury prediction model that includes not only ACWR but also various physiological indicators.

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