<주역> 시용괘(時用卦) 해석의 의미와 특징

Abstract

This paper analysed the significance and characteristics of Shiyong-gua(時用卦) in 『Zhouyi』. Shiyong-gua consists of the Kan-gua(坎卦), Kui-gua(睽卦) and Jian-gua(蹇卦). The meaning of Shiyong-gua’s Gua-xiang is difficulty(重險), discrepancy(乖) and dangerous difficulty(險難). The objective of this paper is to study xiang writings of guayao(卦爻) and scholars of Song dynasty. The significance and meaning of ‘space-time(時)’ and ‘use(用)’ in Shiyong- gua is as follows:- Firstly, In Shiyong-gua, ‘space-time(時)’ and ‘use(用)’ has interrelation. Shiyong-gua uses the special Gua-xiang which means difficulty. Shiyong-gua thoroughly expresses ‘Wujibifan(物極必反)’ and the space-time’s change which is reversal. Secondlty, Shiyong-gua particularly explains the danger according to the contrary actions. Shiyong-gua put emphasis on Yingbianli(應變力). Yingbianli, is reflected in the 『Zhouyi』’s Youhuanyishi(憂患意識). Shiyong-gua lay emphasis on the ability of decision making, power to foresee the future, Resilient at-risk of conflicts such as going out-coming(出處), moving forward-going back(進退), going-coming(往來) and waiting-meeting(俟遇). Thirdly, Shiyong-gua underlines the difficulty of Shizhong(時中之道)’s Dao and the limitations of morality following the actions. The Chinese scholars stated the need for the wisdom of moral righteousness of mind, Dao of Dazheng(大正之道), Zheng(正), Fanshenxiude(反身脩德), sincerity, trust and virtue. Furthermore, they also maintained that the evil way to overcome a crisis was not considered right(義理) to the will of the heaven(天命). This paper concludes that Shiyong-gua uses various Gua-xiang, emphasizes on the ‘space-time’ and ‘use’, and reveals the Youhuanyishi of the 『Zhouyi』. Moreover, Shiyong-gua has significance because it centrally emphasizes on the subtle consciousness of changes, exertion of practical wisdom and administration of the human morality.