退溪의 再傳弟子 方壺 趙遵道의 충효사상

Abstract

Bangho Cho Joon-do(方壺 趙遵道, 1576-1665) was initially a disciple of Kim Eon-ki(金彦璣) who had been taught by Toegye. Later, Bangho made scholastic careers under the academic influences of Jeong Gu, Jang Hyeon-gwang and Jeong Gyeong-se. For three years, moreover, he made academic assertions or discussions as he communicated and interacted with scholars in Yean who were successors of Toegye’s scholarship. In this sense, Bangho may be regarded as Jaejeonzeja(再傳弟子) of Toegye, which usually means an indirect, secondary disciple. His scholastic achievements are comprehensively found in the collection of his literature, or 『Bangho Seonsaeng Munjip(方壺先生文集)』 that is comprised of 5 volumes and 2 books. By the way, Cho Joon-do served in a righteous civilian army during the mid Joseon period when there were a lot of national turbulences ranging from the Imjinwaeran to the Byeongjahoran. He was also a man devoted to filial piety, which is implied by Pungsudang(風樹堂, later renamed as Banghojeong方壺亭). Bangho’s ideas of loyalty and filial piety became a core part of Confucian ideas on which the Joseon dynasty stood itself. This suggests his life was so exemplary that scholars of Joseon needed to follow. However, 『Bangho Seonsaeng Munjip』 includes very few verses or proses that are academic in nature. For this reason, it is a little difficult to identify and examine scholastic ideas that he developed as Jaejeonjeza of Toegye. Cho Joon-do’s ideas of loyalty and filial piety are, nevertheless, still deserved to be educated because the ideas provide lessons that are needed for us to know about who we are and how we should live for the future generation. Thus, it’s so unfortunate that there’s has been no substantial research concerning Bangho. This study would, hopefully, be the starting point of further research about him in different perspectives.