서정주 후기시의 인물에 대한 원형적 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to search into how the spiritual world of Seo Jeong-ju’s late poetry bring to an end by analyzing from his late works. As a method to perform this study, “The prototype theory” of Jean Shinoda Bolen, M.D. is intensionally applied. In this study, Seo’s late poetry is limited from the 8th collection of his poems, “Like the Moon Going to the West” to his last “Eighty-Year-Old Boy Wanderer’s Poems.” After analyzing his late poetry, the outstanding prototypes in Greek mythology can be found such as Zeus, Demeter, Hades, and Dionysus. Among them, the prototypes of Zeus and Demeter show the characteristic of parents who have strong attachment to their children. Their attachment is very strong and unconditional. So it is necessary to search for the reason why these prototypes are presented in his late poetry. As he gets older, the poet thinks it is most important to establish home firmly as a man’s small kingdom. To express his idea, he shows paternity in patriarchal culture in which a father applies himself to education of his sons. On the other hand, he recognizes and represents positively a mother as Demeter prototype who sacrifices herself for her family, which patriarchal culture system prefers. Secondly, Hades prototype is realized actively in his late poetry. This prototype is centrally represented in his last collection, “Eighty-Year-Old Boy-Wanderer’s Poems.” His aging is supposedly related with Hades which shows a spiritual world. The old poet is trying peacefully into a spiritual world, avoiding confrontation against the outside world. Although the poet prefers Zeus prototype to set up authority of patriarchal society as he gets old, it is Dionysus prototype which mainly affects the poet’s internal world. As matter of a fact, Dionysus is contrary to Zeus who patriarchal culture prefers. Then it is curious to look at how these two contradictory prototypes can exist in his late work at the same time. Seo Jeong-ju divides the types of “People in Jilmahjae Pass”, his representative prose collection, into such three categories as a Confucianist, a Naturalist, and an aesthete. As a Zeus prototype who can keep people at work and make a fortune, A Confucianist is strict to their children and has a good knowledge of Chinese classics. An aesthete is the representation of Dionysus who can enjoy drinking and dancing while he sometimes pursue homosexual love. Sea Jeong-ju doesn’t describe both prototypes positively in the prose. Ironically, however, those are mainly represented in his late poetry. Considering this fact, we can find out it seems that the poet tries to accept Zeus prototype to accord with patriarchal cultural society even though he did not preferred it. It is also thought that Seo Jeong-ju suppresses Dionysos prototype to go with the stereotype the culture requires, but he is not under control over various aspects which came from his unconsciousness.