중공군 포로의 송환거부를 통해 본 참전의도 연구

Abstract

Prior to establishing the People's Republic of China (PRC), the Chinese Communist Party went through long periods of war that sapped the country's strength and tired its citizens, and thus faced a number of serious issues such as building a solid foundation for its new government. While it is obvious that many factors contributed to the Chinese decision to intervene in the Korean War, the deciding elements were its own national security concerns and national interests. In order to achieve this goal there followed a need to improve international relations and attain domestic unity. Consequently, even though the PRC intervened in the Korean War claiming ‘Save the Country and Protect the Family by Supporting North Korea Against U.S.A.’ as its goal, its ulterior motives to use political outsiders from the north-east area (including Koreans, Manchurians and Imperial Japanese sympathizers)and the area south of the river Yangtze (consisting ofthe remnants of the Kuomintang and capitalists) as sacrificial lambs in the war had become clearer on the back of its refusal to accept the repatriation of war prisoners. As shown in the creation of the 8th Route Army and the Kuomintang-Communist Party collaboration, the Chinese Communist Party in the past has chosen to expand its strength using the united front tactics when weak, while opting for a more aggressive strategy-tactics after gaining the initiative. In addition, it can be noted that the Party has used people as a means of achieving the Communist revolution, and takes little notice of human rights in its ideology. The PRC's policy regarding the Korean peninsula will consist of applying various historic precedents and along standing bilateral relationship to an overall military strategy and defense policy development process. In otherwords, the possibility that China will actively involve itself in the Korean peninsula to prevent the rise of an anti-Chinese regime by pursuing the policy of 'play one barbarian against another' always exists, in conformity to the domestic political situation. Futhermore,this study demonstrates that the PRC will certainly intervene out of fear for its national interests in case that masses of Choseon-jok(in the form of North Korean refugees and soldiers) that it had successfully expelled during the Korean War will flow into its north-east borders should a crisis occur on the peninsula. Therefore we must construct a multifaceted cooperation system in terms ofeconomic, diplomatic power, while also preparing a multi-party security framework that will lead us to take an active role in securing the peace and security of the Northeast Asia region. KeyWords : Korean War, prisoner, intervention, repatriation, play one barbarian against another, East-North Frontier Army