6·25전쟁 전 북한군 전쟁계획 분석

Abstract

Russia disclosed the archives materials about Korean War, and the reports of the generals were translated, which gave us many historical facts. Few paper, however, have analyzed North Korean Military's war plan from its national security strategy(grand strategy) to its military art. Therefore, the paper analyzed it at the level of national security strategy and military art. First, as for national security strategy, North Korea built up military power that was two to three times stronger than South Korea by receiving military aid under the agreement with the Soviet Union, its guardian. They then cooperated with China in advance to prepare for the U.S. troops' intervention. Most of their predictions were correct and well-prepared. Secondly, as for military strategy, North Korean military applied the concept of 'Annihilation war' to the main forces of South Korean Army, and the concept of 'Maneuver warfare' to the surviving South Korean Army and U.S. troops. The main direction of the first phase of the operation was different with the existing study, and the chain of command also used 'Operational Team' to prepare for the level of Operational Art. Thirdly, as for Operational Art and Tactics, the main strike direction and two supporting strike directions were applied, but the 'Detouring Unit' for blocking South Korean Military's withdrawal, is seen as the tank brigade(-) and 603 motorcycle regiment. At the level of Tactics, North Korea achieved an advantage of 3:1, 2.1 over South Korea and made a plan that conforms with the intention of General Staff. Echelons below regiment moved to the assembly area to reinforce individual combat skills, new weapon's firing, mental education and then went to the line of departure for the attack. Regardless of the time the division command issued the operational order, the troops had already moved to the assembly area to prepare for combat at the level of individuals and small units.