어머니의 출산 후 6년간 우울증상 궤적과 초등학교 1학년 아동의 정서통제 곤란
Maternal Postpartum Depressive Symptom Trajectories from Birth to 6 Years and Children's Emotional Control Difficulty at First Grade
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본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 출산 후 6년간 우울증상 궤적에 따른 초등학교 1학년 아동의 정서통제 곤란의 차이를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 한국 아동패널에 참여한 1,553명의 어머니와 그 자녀에 대한 자료를 분석하였다. 어머니의 우울증상 궤적은 성장혼합모형을 활용해 분석하였고, 어머니의 우울궤적에 따른 자녀의 정서통제 곤란 차이는 공변량 분석으로 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 어머니들의 우울증상은 낮음(42.21%), 보통(47.71%), 높음(11.08%)의 세 궤적으로 분류되었다. 어머니들의 우울증상 궤적에 따른 아동의 정서통제 곤란도 집단 간 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 보통 또는 높음 집단 어머니들의 자녀는 낮음 집단 어머니들의 자녀에 비해 초등학교 1학년 때 정서통제 곤란을 더 많이 겪는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 어머니의 만성적인 우울증상은 자녀의 건강한 발달을 위협하는 가정내 위험요인이며, 이를 예방하고, 위험군을 선별하거나 중재할 수 있는 적극적인 방편을 마련해야 함을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study was to identify trajectories of maternal postpartum depressive symptoms from childbirth to 6 yearsand to examine differences of children’s emotional controlling difficulties at first grade by the trajectories. The participants of this study were 1,553 mothers and children, which is a subset of Panel Study of Korean Child. Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were analysed using latent class growth analysis. The differences of children’s emotional controlling difficulties by trajectories were examined using analysis of covariance. Mothers were classified into Low(42.21%), Moderate(47.71%), and High(11.08%) groups based on their severity and chronicity of postpartum depressive symptoms from child birth to 6 years. There were significant mean differences of children’s emotional controlling difficulties at first grade by maternal depressive symptom trajectories. Children of mothers in Moderate and High groups displayed more emotional controlling difficulties at first grade than children of mothers in Low group. These results indicate that mothers’ chronic depressive symptoms should be understood as an developmental risk factor for young children. For mothers with depressive symptoms and their children, relevant prevention, screening and intervention strategies should be systematically implemented.
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