조선 16세기 왕실의 관요 백자 소비 확대와 辛酉貢案

Abstract

The finance of the Joseon Dynasty was operated based on accounting books on the public offering and tributes called Hweonggan (recording expenditures) and Gongan (recording revenues). It is understood that the financial demand in the royal family of the 16th century had increased rapidly since Yeonsangun (燕山君). Such an increase was said to be possible due to Shinyu Gongan which was made in the period of Yeonsangun Shinyu Gongan had a purpose to increase the volume of offerings and tributes that had been excessively reduced during the period of King Seongjong up to a practical level. The key concepts of Shinyu Gongan were appropriation and inflated bookkeeping on items. In the year of Shinyu, which was 1501 (7th year of Yeonsangun), the volume of offerings to the royal family was controlled reasonably. After then, however, the royal family abused appropriation and inflated bookkeeping and extended consumptions. The expenses assigned to operate the nation were forwarded to the royal family through Naesusa (Royal Treasury) and/or when the subjects entered the palace. The royal family used the items which had been intended for national use for their own purpose. The direct report system of Naesusa established in 1504 (10th year of Yeonsangun) and a written order or instruction ("Gamgyeol (甘結)") given by the higher-rank office to the lower-rank office, which performed led by a governmental office that exclusively in charge of tributes and offerings called Jeongong- Amun promoted the situation more. As white porcelains produced in Gwanyo (royal kiln) were one of the representative items that the royal family used, they should be reviewed in the general flow of the royal finance. Saongwon (Bureau of Palace Kitchen) was a representative Jeon-Gong Amun in the Joseon Dynasty. The King could easily get the porcelains produced and managed by the Saongwon through Gamgyeo. The royal family switched the use of porcelains which had been intended for the nation to their own purpose. During the process, it is assumed that the royal family-related mark was inscribed by dots in order to indicate the changed ownership of the porcelains. Also, by utilizing inflated bookkeeping on the white porcelains not recorded in the Hweonggan, they managed the increasing demand for white porcelains. Gwanyo (royal kiln) which was a branch office of Saongwon intensified additional production of white porcelains in order to produce newly appreciated porcelains, which was assumed to be an important element to produce white porcelains having the inscription of "別(meaning extra)".