유럽연합의 전자신원관리 및 신뢰서비스 법제 -2021 eIDAS 규정 개정안을 중심으로-
The European Union’s Digital Identity Management and Trust Services Law: The Revision of the eIDAS Regulation
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2016년부터 시행되고 있는 유럽연합의 eIDAS 규정은 전자신원관리와 다양한 신뢰서비스에 관한 선진적인 법체계로 평가받고 있다. 동 규정은 영향력 있는 법규범으로서 국제연합의 모델규범의 개정에도 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 2021년 마련된 eIDAS 규정 개정안은 현행 eIDAS 규정이 설정한 전자신원확인 및 신뢰서비스의 프레임워크가 가지는 한계를 파악하고 그 유효성을 개선하고자 새로운 기술과 시장 환경을 적극적으로 수용하고 있다. 이를 위해 유럽디지털 신원지갑, 전자원장, 원격전자서명생성장치와 같은 새로운 전자신원확인 및 신뢰서비스에 관한 규정을 마련하였다. 아울러 종래 공적 서비스와 온라인 서비스에 중점을 두었던 적용범위상 한계를 극복하기 위해 민간부문 및 모바일 사용 환경을 적극 반영하고 있다. 동 규정의 개정안은 향후 국제규범에 그 내용이 반영되어 국내의 관련 법제도의 정비에도 많은 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 점을 고려하면, 향후 국내의 전자신원관리 및 신뢰서비스 관련 법제도의 정비를 위해서는 첫째, 국제적 정합성에 대한 관점이 요구되며, 둘째, 블록체인과 같은 발전하는 기술을 법제도에 포섭할 필요가 있고, 셋째, 개인정보보호법, 정보통신망법 등 관련 법제와의 체계 정합성 확보 등에 대한 노력이 요청된다.
Abstract
The European Union’s eIDAS regulation, which has been in effect since 2016, is considered an advanced legal system for electronic identity and various trust services and has established a legal norm that has strongly influenced the revision of the United Nations’ model law. The 2021 revisions to the eIDAS regulation improved its effectiveness by taking into consideration new technologies and market environments and by identifying the limitations of the existing eIDAS regulation. To this end, regulations for new electronic identification and trust services, such as European digital identification wallets, electronic ledgers, and remote electronic signature creation devices, were adopted. In addition, the private sector and mobile-use environments are considering expanding the scope of the application of the eIDAS regulation, which previously focused on public and online services. The amendment to this regulation is expected to significantly improve the domestic legal system, as it will influence international norms in the future. Considering these points, the following matters should be taken into consideration to improve the legal system related to electronic identity management and trust services in Korea in the future. First, international consistency is required. Second, it is necessary to incorporate developing technologies such as blockchain into the legal system. Third, it is necessary to ensure consistency with related laws, such as the Personal Information Protection Act and the Information and Communication Network Act.
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