영성과 종교에 대한 상담심리학자의 인식과 실천: 한국상담심리학회 전문가를 대상으로.
The Attitude and Practice of Spirituality and Religion for Counseling Psychologists: Focused on the Professional Counselors of the Korean Counseling Psychological Association
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초록
이 연구는 한국상담심리학회 상담심리전문가 202명을 대상으로 한국의 심리학자들이 영성과 종교를 자신의 개인적이며 전문가적인 차원에서 어떻게 인식하고 실천하는지, 그리고 자신의 상담과 심리치료에서 영성적 혹은 종교적 접근을 어떤 방식으로 실시하고 있는지를 알아보기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 또한 이 연구는 한국 상담심리학자들의 영성과 종교에 대한 인식과 태도를 미국 심리학자들의 연구결과와 비교분석하여 비교문화적 함의를 찾아내고자 하였다. 연구결과 한국 상담심리학자들은 전반적으로 영성과 종교를 구별하고(79%), 자신의 삶에서 종교가 중요한 위치를 차지한다고 느끼며(80%), 영성을 중요한 삶의 자원으로 인정하고 있었다(75%). 또한 응답자들은 종교의 정신건강에 미치는 긍정적 영향을 인정하고(82%), 상담과 심리치료에서 영성과 종교적 접근이 효과가 있다고 생각했으며(82%), 실제로 이러한 접근 방법론이 필요하다고 응답하였다(65%). 영성이나 종교적 주제를 상담에 적용하는 질문에 대해서는 가끔 실천한다(40%), 전혀 실천하지 않는다(30%), 자주 실천한다(20%) 순으로 응답했다. 전반적으로 한국의 심리학자들은 미국의 심리학자들보다 영성과 종교에 대한 긍정적 의식이 높았고 종교적 생활에 대해서도 더 열심인 것으로 나타났다. 이 조사결과는 한국의 상담자 양성과정에서 상담과 심리치료의 영성적 접근에 대한 교육과 수련의 필요성을 절실히 요청하고 있다.
Abstract
This study focuses on the findings for counseling psychologists’ attitudes and practices of spirituality and religion in their professional as well as personal lives, and for the status of spiritual or religious approaches in their professional counseling practices. Also, this study intends to find a cross-cultural implication based on a comparative analysis of the attitudes and practices for spirituality and religion between Korean and American counseling psychologists. For this purpose, the researcher selects a sample of respondents from a population of 202 professional counseling psychologists certified in the Korean Counseling Psychological Association, and administers a questionnaire to them. Results show that Korean psychologists generally are apt to distinguish between the concepts of spirituality and religion (79%), think that religion is crucial (80%) and that spirituality can be a resource (75%) in their lives. Also, respondents accept the fact that religion has a positive influence the mental health (82%), spiritual and religious approaches to counseling are beneficial (82%) and necessary (65%). For the questions of spiritual and religious approaches in counseling practices, respondents sometimes (40%), never (30%), and frequently (20%) adapted spiritual or religious interventions in their counseling practices. In general, Korean counseling psychologists show a higher rate of optimistic attitudes toward spirituality/religion, and are more spiritual or religious than American psychologists. This result shows that educating counselors to use spiritual and religious approaches in counseling and psychotherapy is imperative as well as necessary.
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