체포ㆍ구속제도의 문제점과 개선방안
For Reform of Detention and Arrest in Criminal Procedure
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This paper aims to review the theory and practice of detention in criminal procedure and to suggest amendment of criminal procedure in Korea. I review critically the situation of theoretical debates on the detention in general and the real state of its application and seeks for where the detention system should head in the future. In short, the main proposals are as follows:First, the imprisonment-criteria, which functions as the factual reason for detention in practice, should not be applied any more. The application of imprisonment-criteria in detention decision by judges is against the principle of innocence assumption and the purpose of the detention system. Second, the degree of crime suspicion as basic cause of detention should be interpreted differently from that of arrest. The degree of crime suspicion in arrest is lower that of detention. Third, the seriousness of crime should not be applied as independent detention reason, because the goal of detention in criminal procedure is securement of future procedure proceeding, not the punishment of defendant. The risk of recidivism and danger of harm to others also should not be applied as independent detention standards. Fourth, the detention warrant screening by judges and bail system should be promoted in practice aggressively to enhance the principle of non-detention in criminal procedure and to protect the rights of the accused. Finally, immediate complaint to the decision of judges on arrest warrant should be allowed to accumulate the judiciary review on the arrest decisions. In the end, the principles of non-detention in investigation and innocence assumption can be enhanced by mutual understanding and mutual cooperation between judges and prosecutors more effectively.
Abstract
This paper aims to review the theory and practice of detention in criminal procedure and to suggest amendment of criminal procedure in Korea. I review critically the situation of theoretical debates on the detention in general and the real state of its application and seeks for where the detention system should head in the future. In short, the main proposals are as follows:First, the imprisonment-criteria, which functions as the factual reason for detention in practice, should not be applied any more. The application of imprisonment-criteria in detention decision by judges is against the principle of innocence assumption and the purpose of the detention system. Second, the degree of crime suspicion as basic cause of detention should be interpreted differently from that of arrest. The degree of crime suspicion in arrest is lower that of detention. Third, the seriousness of crime should not be applied as independent detention reason, because the goal of detention in criminal procedure is securement of future procedure proceeding, not the punishment of defendant. The risk of recidivism and danger of harm to others also should not be applied as independent detention standards. Fourth, the detention warrant screening by judges and bail system should be promoted in practice aggressively to enhance the principle of non-detention in criminal procedure and to protect the rights of the accused. Finally, immediate complaint to the decision of judges on arrest warrant should be allowed to accumulate the judiciary review on the arrest decisions. In the end, the principles of non-detention in investigation and innocence assumption can be enhanced by mutual understanding and mutual cooperation between judges and prosecutors more effectively.
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