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왜 한국 대학생이 미국 대학생보다 불행한가? 상대적 외적 가치, 사회적 지원, 사회비교의 영향

Why Korean university students are less happy than U.S. counterparts? The role of relative extrinsic value orientation, social support and social comparison

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주제분류심리과학

초록

상대적 외적 가치(relative extrinsic value), 즉 내재적 가치(대인관계, 건강 등)에 비해 외재적 가치(돈, 외모, 타인의 인정 등)를 상대적으로 중요하게 여기는 정도와 행복(주관적 안녕감)의 관계를 검토하기 위해서 두 개의 연구를 실시했다. 그 결과, 한국 대학 신입생들은 미국 대학 신입생들 보다 외재적 가치를 중요하게 여기는 경향이 더 높고, 내재적 가치를 중요하게 여기는 경향이 더 낮았다(연구1). 또한 상대적 외적 가치는 동일 시점에 측정된 행복의 국가 차이(연구1)와 1년 후 행복의 개인차(연구2)를 설명했다. 끝으로 상대적 외적 가치와 행복의 관계에서 사회비교와 사회적 지원의 간접효과가 확인되었다(연구1과 연구2). 이러한 결과는 개인이 추구하는 가치가 사회비교와 사회적 지원을 통해서 행복을 결정하는 하나의 요소로 작용할 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between relative extrinsic value, that is the relative importance to extrinsic values (such as money, physical appearance, and other's approval) compared with intrinsic values (such as interpersonal relationship and health), and subjective well-being. The results are as follows. Firstly, Korean university students were more focused on extrinsic values and less concerned with intrinsic values than U.S. counterparts (Study1). Secondly, relative extrinsic values explained both national (Study1) and individual (Study2) differences of subjective well-being. Finally, path models demonstrated that relative extrinsic values had an indirect effect on the subjective well-being through social support and social comparison (Study1 and Study2). These findings indicate that values one pursuits have an important role in subjective well-being and this relationship is mediated by social support and social comparison.

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