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EU 지역혁신정책의 동향 및 사례 연구: 스마트 전문화 전략(RIS3)을 중심으로

Current features of EU regional innovation policy: based on Smart specialization strategy(RIS3)

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초록

스마트 전문화(smart specialization)는 각 국가와 지역의 고유한 특성과 자산을 파악하고, 각 지역의 경쟁 우위를 부각시키며, 미래 비전을 중심으로 지역 이해관계자와 자원을 집결시키는 것을 의미한다. RIS3는 스마트 전문화를 정책으로 실현하기 위한 전략으로, 유럽연합(EU) 및 유럽 각국은 보다 혁신적이고 경쟁력 있는 지역 발전을 위한 연구·혁신의 핵심 정책 프레임으로 활용하고 있다. 이 연구는 EU-국가-지역의 다층적 스케일 관점에서 RIS3 추진체계의 상호 역할 분담과 거버넌스 구성을 검토하고 실행계획을 고찰하였다. 국가와 지역차원의 논의는 핀란드의 사례를 들어 구체화하였고, 지역 주체의 역할 분담, 효과적인 거버넌스 구성, 실행계획 수립 등을 살펴보았다. EU의 RIS3 경험은 지역혁신 주체 간 협력과 융·복합적 발전을 위한 실질적인 중장기 계획의 추진과 새로운 거버넌스 구축을 도모한다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 지방정부의 행정역량 강화가 지역혁신체계의 추진에서 매우 중요하다는 점을 시사한다.

Abstract

Experienced severe regional disparities among the European Union(EU) countries due to the economic and financial crisis in the late 2000s, the EU has put emphasis on place-based regional innovation policy to strengthen its competitiveness locally and globally. Smart specialization means to identify the region-specific characteristics and assets of each country and regions, and to gather all stakeholders and resources under a shared vision. RIS3, which is a strategic approach for smart specialization, is a key part of the EU Cohesion Policy(2014-2020) and has been included in a national or regional research and innovation(R&I) strategic policy framework. This study investigates the implementation process and features of the RIS3, specifically governance and action plans at the EU, national, and regional levels, and is also examined the Finnish case to clarify the policy approach. The RIS3 attempts to shift the policy suggests that strengthening the administrative capacity of regional and local governments is essential to the implementation of the regional innovation system(RIS). Therefore, guidelines and effective measures(e. g. incentive system) for the practical implementation of the RIS3 should be established to motivate continued participation within a community. Moreover, social innovation through practical public-private partnerships is needed to explore and exploit potential development areas of the region.

참고문헌 (52)

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