1930년대 초 천도교신파의 정세인식과 조직강화

Abstract

The new and old faction of Chundogyo underwent another divergence in April 1932,slightly over a year after their merging in December 1930. After the split, while the oldfaction of Chundogyo devoted itself to religious activities conforming to the body ofChundogyo traditions, the new faction openly denounced Shingan-hoe and sought togain the upper hand in the social movement of the time. With this in mind, it expandedsectoral movements and started to actively engage in a peasant movement, labormovement and youth movement. The new faction of Chundogyo believed that themission of peasant and labor movements was to organize and train peasants andworkers. Rather than being confined to a mere class movement, the social movementwas therefore raised to an inclusive level where it aimed to embrace preoccupations and demands from different strata of society. At the same time, leaders of the new faction valued the role of a single vanguard party, namely the Chundogyo Youth Party, in leading the various sectoral movements and acting as a ‘national control tower’. For this purpose, the new faction of Chundogyo sought to organize sectoral groups under the Chundogyo Youth Party with a view to keeping them under control. As evidence of this policy, the Chosun Agrarian Organization was kept directly under the Party, the Chosun Labor Organization was founded, and the Chundogyo Youth Group was renewed. In response to the socialists’ attacks, leaders of the new faction also advocated the ‘Chosun movement leadership’, based on social activities such as the Youth Party’s sectoral movements, as well as a strong centralized organizational structure.