하비에르 사모라(Javier Zamora)의 『나 홀로 Solito』에 드러난 증언 서사의 의미: ‘홀로 됨’의 고찰과 감각적 기억의 재현
Javier Zamora’s Solito as a Testimonial Narrative: Meaning of Aloneness and Representation of Sensory Memories
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이 논문에서는 하비에르 사모라의 『나 홀로』가 지니는 증언 서사로서의 의미와 역할을 살펴보기 위해 증언의 목적과 내용, 서사 기법을 분석한다. 회고록인이 작품을 증언 서사의 맥락에서 조명하면서, 체험자로서 담보한 진정성과 작자로서 추구한 문학적 성취, 나아가 가족과 외로움에 대한 근원적 고찰에 천착하면서 분석한다. 특히 아이의 시점과 목소리를 채택했다는 점, 또한 증언 서사와치유문학으로서 기능하기 위해 감각적 재현에 충실했다는 점에 주목한다. 이를통해 ‘증언’ 문학에서 출발해 증언 ‘문학’으로 자리매김하는 방식을 살펴본다. 사모라는 회고록을 집필하면서 다각적인 성찰을 보여준다. 감각적 기억을 활용하여 어린 자아와 대면하고 이주 고통 앞에서 상상력이 발휘된 현실 해석을제시한다. 이를 통해 그는 궁극적으로 미등록 이민자로서의 자아, 중앙아메리카계 이민 가족, 라티노 공동체, 나아가 미국 사회와의 화해를 도모한다. 마지막으로 작가는 감각적 기억을 사실적·상상적 방식으로 복원함으로써 이주를 둘러싼 사회적·역사적 현실과 정서적·심리적 세계를 동시에 재현하고 있다. 이러한 서사 기법은 국경의 위기를 개인적·집단적 차원에서 주체적으로 그려내는카운터매핑(counter-mapping)의 가능성을 보여준다. 궁극적으로 이 작품은 이주 서사를 둘러싼 증언의 역할과 그 논의를 확장하는 데 기여한다.
Abstract
This study scrutinized the meaning and role of testimonial narrative in Javier Zamora’s Solito through an analysis of its intended objectives, content, and narrative techniques. It underscores the importance of contextualizing this memoir within the sphere of testimonial literature, shedding light on the author's credibility as a witness, his literary accomplishments as a writer, and his reflections on aloneness. Specifically, it highlights the use of a child's perspective and voice as well as detailed sensory descriptions needed to serve both as a testimonial and healing literature. Through this analysis, this study looks at how the book transitions from being considered a ‘testimonial’ literature to find a place in the broader realm of 'literature' based on testimony. The author exemplified multifaceted introspection as he employed sensory recollections to engage with his juvenile self and present interpretations of realities forged by tribulations of migration. Ultimately, he aspired to achieve harmony within himself as an undocumented immigrant, with his central American family, Latino community, and even within the larger American society. Finally, the author vividly encapsulated socio-historical circumstances and emotional-psychological landscape surrounding migration by realistically and imaginatively resurrecting sensory memories. These narrative techniques unveiled the potential for counter-mapping and delineated border crisis on both individual and collective levels, thereby enriching the discourse on testimonial narratives in the context of migration.
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