일제하 식민도시 개발과 조선인 자본가형성의 특징 - 전북지역 박기순ㆍ박영철 일가를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the colonial characteristics of Korea's modern capitalism and the type of comprehensive growth of Korean capitalists, focusing on the Park Ki-sun and Park Yeong-cheol, as Korean leading capitalists. In particular, the central political power, the development of regional colonial cities, and the formation of Korean bourgeoisie were reviewed centering on the correlation structure. The results of the review are as follows: First, directly after Japan's forced annexation of Korea, Governor-Generals of Chosen from Choshu clique were in urgent need of establishing a transportation system for the export and transportation of rice from the Mangyeonggang river plains, to appease Japanese domestic opposition forces. The main measures included the development of a new city of Iri and the areas along railroad stations on Jeonbuk-Kyeongpyeon Line(latter Jeolla Line). Park Ki-sun owned a big tract of land in Iri-Jeonju area and headed the preparatory association for Jeonbuk-Kyeongpyeon Line. Park Yeong-cheol, the magistrate of Iksan-gun, and Lee Seong-gyu, the head of Jeonju-myeon, took the lead in developing the sphere of influence of stations. This suggests that the regional development was closely related to the accumulation of land capital by Park Ki-sun, a Korean capitalist. Based on this, Park Ki-sun became an influential person in that region. Second, the Park Ki-sun and Park Yeong-cheol family showed a type of power-related and regional capital accumulation connected to Governor-Generals in that process. In particular, Park Ki-sun was the largest shareholder and chief executive officer of Samnam Bank, which lay under the hereditary family management system where his family including Park Yeong-cheol, as his eldest son, seized the managerial control as large shareholders. Third, Park Yeong-cheol entered the central financial world thanks to his experience of serving as a provincial governor and the financial capital and land capital accumulated by his father, Park Ki-sun. Based on this, Park Yeong-cheol rose rapidly to top class while he worked as the president of Chosen Commercial Bank through collusion with the regime, and played a role in organizing various types of sociopolitical groups and supporting Japan's general mobilization. In short, Park Ki-sun and Park Yeong-cheol grew rapidly to be Korean leading capitalists in the process of Japan's colonial urban development. However, they failed to grow into business magnates because of second-class colonial citizens' ethnic limitation, financial sector merger and abolition policy of the Japanese Colonial Government in Korea, and managerial limitations of capitalism.