바흐친과 칸트, 신칸트주의 – 초기 사유의 지성사적 맥락에 관하여
Bakhtin, Kant and Neo-Kantianism – On the Context of the Early Bakhtinian Thought in the Intellectual History
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It is well known that early Bakhtinian thought was deeply influenced by Kant, especially Neo-Kantianism which prevailed in the beginning of 20-th century in Europe. Bakhtin was all aware of Neo-Kantianist’s philosophy through Matvei Kagan, a friend of ‘Bakhtin circle’ who studied in Marburg. But it was Kant that appeared as Bakhtin’s real rival in his genesis of thought, because Bakhtin’s ‘Philosophy of act’ and other early essays actually oriented to the ethical problematics of Kant. I think this kind of research belongs to the study of the intellectual history. This article aims to show the intellectual contexts between early Baktin and Kant, Neo-Kantianism. I tried to inquire the unspoken context of Bakhtin’s first essay “Art and Answerability” in which Bakhtin declared the unity between Life and Ethics in Modern world. In this regard, Bakhtin is thoroughly counted as an epigonen of the Kantian philosophical problematics, because Kant was the very man who justified the ‘division’ of the Modern cultural areas. The later development of Bakhtinian thought was characterized as a kind of ‘answer’ to the Kant’s problems, including the period of the ‘Philosophical Aesthetics’ in 1920-s. In result, ‘Individuality(Lichnost)’ and ‘Answerability’ were the key concepts in this phase of young Bakhtin.
Abstract
It is well known that early Bakhtinian thought was deeply influenced by Kant, especially Neo-Kantianism which prevailed in the beginning of 20-th century in Europe. Bakhtin was all aware of Neo-Kantianist’s philosophy through Matvei Kagan, a friend of ‘Bakhtin circle’ who studied in Marburg. But it was Kant that appeared as Bakhtin’s real rival in his genesis of thought, because Bakhtin’s ‘Philosophy of act’ and other early essays actually oriented to the ethical problematics of Kant. I think this kind of research belongs to the study of the intellectual history. This article aims to show the intellectual contexts between early Baktin and Kant, Neo-Kantianism. I tried to inquire the unspoken context of Bakhtin’s first essay “Art and Answerability” in which Bakhtin declared the unity between Life and Ethics in Modern world. In this regard, Bakhtin is thoroughly counted as an epigonen of the Kantian philosophical problematics, because Kant was the very man who justified the ‘division’ of the Modern cultural areas. The later development of Bakhtinian thought was characterized as a kind of ‘answer’ to the Kant’s problems, including the period of the ‘Philosophical Aesthetics’ in 1920-s. In result, ‘Individuality(Lichnost)’ and ‘Answerability’ were the key concepts in this phase of young Bakhtin.
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