고온환경이 육성돈의 성장, 혈액특성 및 분변 내 냄새 물질 함량에 미치는 영향
Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Growth Performance, Blood Characteristics and Fecal Concentration of Odorous Compounds in Growing Pigs
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본 연구는 고온 환경 노출에 따른 돼지의 성장, 혈액 특성, 분변 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 냄새 물질 발생 저감기술 개발을 위한 기초자료 확보를 위하여 수행하였다. 고온환경과 적온 환경에 각 8두씩 총 16두를 배치하여 성장, 혈액 이화학특성, 분변 내 냄새 물질을 조사하였다. 고온 환경에서 사료섭취량(33.3%), 증체량(25.8%) 및 혈중 NEFA 함량(36.2%)이 저하되었다. 또한 분변 내 냄새 물질의 경우 고온 환경에서 Phenol(350.0%)과 Skatole(416.3%)이 증가하였다. 본 연구에서 고온 스트레스가 장내미생물의 대사에 영향을 미친 것으로 추측되나, 분변 내 냄새 물질은 소화율, 장내미생물 구성, 뇨 내 배출량이 종합적으로 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서, 보다 정확한 고온환경과 냄새 물질 발생 간 연관성 구명을 위하여 영양소 소화율, 장내미생물 조성, 뇨 내 냄새 물질에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to secure basic data for developing technologies to reduce the generation of odor substances by investigating the effects of environmental temperature on growth performance and the generation of odor substances from feces in growing pigs. A total of 16 pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, average body weight 56.49±0.47kg) were randomly assigned to two treatments: thermal-neutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) conditions. The experiments were conducted for two weeks, with average temperature-humidity indices of 68.91±0.09 for TN and 85.98±0.08 for HS. The results showed that HS significantly decreased average daily feed intake (ADFI, 33.3%) and average daily gain (ADG, 25.8%) compared with TN (p<0.05). Non-esterified fatty acid in serum was lower (36.2%) in HS compared with TN (p<0.05). However, protein, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and IgG in serum showed no difference between HS and TN. Phenol (350.0%) and skatole (416.3%) were significantly higher in HS than in TN (p<0.05). The decrease in growth performance is attributed to reduction in ADFI. The increase in phenol and skatole in HS is presumed to be due to the effect of HS on the metabolism of intestinal microbial composition. Digestion rate, intestinal microbial composition, and urine emissions are known to affect odor substances. Further research on the content of odor substances in urine, nutrient digestion rate, and intestinal microbial composition is considered necessary to determine the exact associations.
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