从西方修辞学看徐志摩的演讲 －以1924年5月12日在北京真光影戏院的演讲为中心－

Abstract

From the perspective of western rhetoric, this paper uses the three elements (ethos, logos, pathos) and five steps (invention, disposition, elocution, memory and action) of a successful speech, and focuses on the content of Xu Zhimo’s speech at Beijing Zhenguang Theater on May 12, 1924, to analyze how to present and flexibly use rhetoric knowledge. Frankly speaking, this speech was presented in the form of impromptu speech, which can be said to be a very successful speech. In order to protect the reputation of Tagore who is visiting China, Xu Zhimo told the story of Tagore’s visit to China for what reason and purpose to Chinese educated youth in an impromptu way. Although it was an impromptu speech, Xu Zhimo, standing on Tagore’s position, used a lot of rhetoric to guide and persuade the audience to believe Tagore’s personality when telling Tagore’s unknown side. Taking into account the identity of the audience, speaker used advanced vocabulary, rhetorical devices of asking questions and analogy, also logical order, presented a perfect speech. In addition, through the analysis of the content of the speech, we also learned about Xu Zhimo’s extensive accumulation of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign literary knowledge and his cultivation and insight. Even so, Xu Zhimo said that he was still unable to reach Tagore. In a word, Xu Zhimo introduced Tagore to us while maintaining his reputation and persuading the audience.