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한국의 장애아동 배치 실제 향상을 위한 정책 과제 고찰

Policy Tasks for the Placement Practices Improvement of Children with Disabilities in Korea

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

많은 OECD 국가들은 장애아동의 교육환경으로서 다양한 서비스 연속체를 인정하고 있고, 장애아동의 교육환경은 종합적 사정 정보에서 확인된 개인별 아동의 교육적 요구를 적절하게 충족시킬 수 있는 최소제한적 환경으로 결정되어야 한다는 것이 강조되고 있다. 이러한 강조점을 반영하여 미국, 영국, 독일 등의 국가는 다학문적 팀 접근에 의한 ‘종합적 진단(적격성 판정 및 교육적 요구의 확인)→IEP 개발(혹은 장기목표 및 특수교육적 조치)→배치’의 사정 절차 모형을 적용하고 있으며, 배치 관련 조항을 비교적 구체적으로 법규나 지침을 통해 제시하고 있다. 그러나, 우리 나라의 경우 구체적인 배치 관련 조항이나 지침의 부족 등으로 장애아동의 교육환경 논의나 결정에 어려움이 나타나고 있기 때문에 본 연구에서는 장애아동의 배치에 관한 국내외 문헌을 고찰하여 우선 우리 나라 배치 관련 법규와 정책의 현황과 문제점을 제시하고, 문헌분석 결과를 기초로 우리 나라 장애아동의 배치 실제를 향상시키기 위한 주요 정책 과제를 4가지로 도출하여 제시하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구는 장애아동을 적절한, 최소제한적 환경에 배치하는데 도움이 되는 기타 정책 및 연구 과제를 제언하였다.

Abstract

Educational programming for children with disabilities in many OECD member countries has been built on the assumption that a variety of service delivery options need to be available. In addition, it has been emphasized that educational environment for children with disabilities must be determined by multi-disciplinary team to be the least restrictive one that can meet their individual educational needs satisfactorily, based on information derived from comprehensive assessment. The points mentioned above are reflected in the legislations and policies of OECD member countries such as U.S.A, United Kingdom, and Germany. These countries adopt a series of assessment process such as evaluation for both decision about eligibility for special education services and determination of educational needs, IEP development, and decisions about placement. Also, these countries provide details related to placement through laws and guidelines. In Korea, it has been reported that there are difficulties in decision for the most appropriate educational placement for children with disabilities on account of issues including lack in detailed laws and guidelines related to educational placement for children with disabilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine current status and issues in the placement-related legislation and polices and to suggest policy tasks that will help improve placement practices in children with disabilities. To achieve this purpose, laws, policies, and other literature reviews related to educational placement for children with disabilities in Korea and some OECD member counties were conducted. Based on the literature review results, the study presented four major policy tasks for the placement practices improvement of children with disabilities in Korea. Finally, this study suggests other policy and research tasks that will contribute to placing children with disabilities in appropriate, least restrictive environments.

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