이혼가정 아동을 위한 학교 집단상담 프로그램 개발 연구
A Study on Development of School-based Group Counseling Program for Children of Divorce
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본 연구는 이혼가정 아동이 부모의 이혼으로 인한 적응상의 어려움을 극복할 수 있는 학교 집단상담 프로그램을 체계적으로 개발하고, 그 프로그램의 효과를 평가하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 이혼가정 아동의 특성과 적응에 영향을 주는 변인들을 탐색하여 집단상담의 구성요소를 도출하였고, 선행연구의 프로그램 개발 절차 분석을 토대로 상정한 절차에 따라 최종 학교 집단상담 프로그램을 제작하였다. 프로그램 참여에 동의한 아동 16명을 무선으로 실험집단과 통제집단에 각각 8명씩 배정하여 실험집단을 대상으로 프로그램을 실시하였다. 프로그램 효과에 대한 평가는 교사용, 아동용으로 나뉘어졌다. 교사용 도구는 교사용 아동 평가 척도였고, 아동용으로는 아동의 평가 척도, 이혼 지각 척도, 부모 관계 척도였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 프로그램은 이혼가정 아동의 학교에서의 적응 능력을 향상시키는데 긍정적인 효과를 가져왔고, 아동의 이혼 지각에 긍정적인 영향을 주었으며, 부모와의 관계에 긍정적인 변화를 가져다 주었다. 따라서 본 연구의 의의는 이혼가정 아동의 삶에 대한 이해와 부모 이혼 후 적응과정에 대한 이해를 증진시켰다는 점이다. 또한, 학교 집단상담 프로그램 경험을 통해 이혼가정 아동이 학교생활에 보다 잘 적응할 수 있게 하였다는 점에서 의미가 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematically develop a school-based group counseling program for adjustment of children who have difficulties after their parent's divorce and evaluate the effectiveness of such developed program. In obtaining such purposes traits and developmental tasks of divorced children and the factors that had affected divorce children's adjustment was analyzed. And in following the systematic program development procedure presented by analysing the previous studies, the school-based group counseling program was finally made. The effectiveness of the developed program was evaluated by the final 16 applicants. Then 8 applicants in the experimental group were randomly administrated whereas the rest 8 were administrated in the control group as the waiting group. The assessment instruments were divided into Teacher's rating scale and Student's rating scales. Teacher's rating scale was T-CRS(teacher-child rating scale) and student's rating scales were CRS(child rating scale), divorce perception scale, parent-child relationship scale. In conclusion this program was effective in increasing the children's adjustment ability, in the divorce perception of children of divorce, and in the parent-child relationship. This study contributes to an increase of the understanding life experience of divorced children and their postdivorce adjustment process. In addition, it is meaningful that it is effective for the divorced children to adjust well through the school-based group counseling experience.
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