고등교육의 학제간 교육 프로그램 활성화 방안: 해외 사례를 중심으로
Promoting interdisciplinary educational programs in higher education: a case study of prestigious universities overseas
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본 연구는 QS 랭킹 30위권 대학들을 중심으로 학제간 교육 프로그램의 사례들을 살펴보고 유형을 구분하였으며 학제간 교육 프로그램을 육성하기 위한 대학차원의 전략들을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 학제간 교육 프로그램제공 주체의 형태에 따라서, ⅰ) 독립적인 조직 구조 없이 기존 학과가 연계하여 학제간 전공 프로그램을 제공하는 학과간 프로그램, ⅱ) 학과는 아니지만, 센터 등 독립적인 조직 구조를 가진 조직이 학제간 프로그램을 제공하는 경우, ⅲ) 융합전공으로 새로운 학과를 신설하여 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 경우, 이렇게 세 가지로 유형으로 구분 가능하였다. 학제간 교육 프로그램을 육성하기 위한 대학차원의 전략들은 첫째, 조직 구조 개편으로, 학제간 센터나 기관을 설립하는 것이 가장 빈번하게 나타났다. 둘째, 채용과 평가, 보상 시스템 등 학제간교육에 종사하는 교원들을 지원하기 위한 제도적 개선을 단행했다. 셋째, 안정적인 재정 지원 구조를 확보하는것도 중요한데, 많은 대학들은 대학 본부로부터 종자돈과 같은 초기의 지원을 받고, 이후에는 외부 기금을 확보하는 전략들을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학교의 비전과 미션에 부합하는 주제를 선택하여 이와 관련한학과 및 연구소를 발전시키는 것도 효과적인 전략으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study investigated interdisciplinary educational programs in the top 30 universities according to the QS World University Rankings® in 2012. Firstly, the programs were categorized by type and then the universities’ strategies for promoting interdisciplinary education were analyzed. As results, three types of interdisciplinary educational programs were identified, primarily based on the main agent that offers the courses: 1) interdisciplinary educational programs through inter-departmental collaboration, 2) interdisciplinary programs offered by independent organizations (i.e., research centers), and 3) a newly-established interdisciplinary department. Four strategies were used to promote interdisciplinary education in higher educational institutions. First, the pattern of reorganization of institutional structure was the most common strategy. Second, institutional support included employment, evaluation,and a reward system for faculty members working for the interdisciplinary programs. Third,initial efforts were made to secure financial resources from the university headquarters, and later efforts focused on external funding bodies. Fourth, interdisciplinary departments and/or research centers were developed in accordance with a university’s specific vision and mission.
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