Safeguarding Intangible Heritage in South Africa: a Critique of the Draft National Policy on Living Heritage
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
South Africa published the first Draft National Policy onSouth African Living Heritage (hereafter Draft Policy) in2009, sixteen years after the first democratic elections in1994. A national policy framework on safeguarding livingheritage in South Africa is long overdue, as the previousheritage legislation from the Colonial and Apartheid erasfocused mainly on the conservation and management oftangible forms of heritage. Living heritage was largelymarginalised and thus could not receive any formalprotection from government (as it is not part of the‘National Estate’). The tentative promulgation of theNational Policy on Living Heritage is a commendable andprogressive step towards the protection of intangibleforms of heritage. The Draft Policy has been in circulationfor input and comment from a wide range of stakeholders. This paper seeks to provide a rigorous critique andcommentary and to make specific recommendations onthe Draft Policy.
Abstract
South Africa published the first Draft National Policy onSouth African Living Heritage (hereafter Draft Policy) in2009, sixteen years after the first democratic elections in1994. A national policy framework on safeguarding livingheritage in South Africa is long overdue, as the previousheritage legislation from the Colonial and Apartheid erasfocused mainly on the conservation and management oftangible forms of heritage. Living heritage was largelymarginalised and thus could not receive any formalprotection from government (as it is not part of the‘National Estate’). The tentative promulgation of theNational Policy on Living Heritage is a commendable andprogressive step towards the protection of intangibleforms of heritage. The Draft Policy has been in circulationfor input and comment from a wide range of stakeholders. This paper seeks to provide a rigorous critique andcommentary and to make specific recommendations onthe Draft Policy.
참고문헌 (34)
- Abungu, G., "Heritage, Community and the State in the 90s: Experience from Africa", paper presented at The Future of the Past Conference (1996), University of the Western Cape
- A report of the Arts and Culture Task Group (ACTAG), "Arts and Culture Task Group", Department of Arts and Culture, ~ (1995)
- Blake, J., "Developing a New Standard-setting Instrument for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage: Elements for Consideration", UNESCO, ~ (2001)
- "Memorandum re Folklore in Africa to Open Knowledge Network" (2003)[URL]
- Blakeney, M., "Intellectual Property in the Dreamtime – Protecting the Cultural Creativity of Indigenous Peoples", Oxford Intellectual Property Research Centre, Research Seminar (1999)
- Bouchenaki, M., "The Interdependency of the Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage", A Keynote Address delivered at the ICOMOS 14th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (2003)
- "Bushman Relics Protection Act of 1911", SAHRA archives, head office, ~
- "Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities"[URL]
- Deacon, H., "The Subtle Power of Intangible Heritage: Legal and Financial Instruments for Safeguarding Intangible Heritage, Social Cohesion and Integration Research Program" (2003), Human Sciences Research Council
- Protecting our Cultural Capital: a research plan for the heritage sector, "Deacon, H.", HSRC, ~ (2003)
- Department of Arts and Culture, "Draft National Policy on South African Living Heritage, 1st Draft Unpublished", ~ (2009)
- Dondolo, L., "Draft Living Heritage Policy: the South African Heritage Resources Agency (unpublished draft)", ~ (2004)
- Galla, A., "Tshwane Declaration: setting standards for heritage tourism in South Africa", Museum International, 50(4), pp.38~43 (1998), Blackwell Publishers
- Galla, A., "Transformation in South Africa: a legacy challenged", Museum International, 51(2), pp.38~44 (1999), Blackwell Publishers
- "Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) Policy South Africa"[URL]
- "Whose Heritage? The Politics of Cultural Ownership in Contemporary South Africa" (1996)[URL]
- Luxen, J.L., "The Intangible Dimension of Monuments and Sites with Reference to the UNESCO World Heritage List", A paper presented at the ICOMOS 14th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, under the theme Pace – Memory – Meaning: Preserving Intangible Values in Monuments and Sites (2003)
- Mosimege, M., "Powerpoint presentation on Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Heritage", Department of Science and Technology, ~ (2003)
- "Research Protocols, Ethical Considerations and Intellectual Property – Intellectual Property and Indigenous Knowledge Systems: International Developments and Implications for Southern Africa" (2002)[URL]
- Munyaradzi, M., "Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Empowerment of Local Communities: Manyanga (Ntaba Zi Ka Mambo) Revisited", A paper presented at ICOMOS 14th General Assembly and Symposium (2003)
- "National Monuments Act 1969", SAHRA archives, head office, ~
- "Natural and Historical Monuments Act of 1923", SAHRA archives, head office, ~
- Ouzman, S., "Public Policy and Concerns about Cultural Property", A paper presented at the World Archaeological Congress (WAC5) (2003)
- Santova, M., "Presentation Scheme of the Content of the National Reports and Brief Information about the work done in this area- Bulgaria", A paper presented at The Regional Meeting on the Promotion of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage for countries of Europe and Northern America Kazan (Russia) (2004)
- "National Heritage Resources Act (Act 11 of 1999)" (1999)[URL]
- South African Heritage Resources Agency, "Memorandum for the position of the Living Heritage Officer, A correspondence to the Executive Officer: Heritage Resources", ~ (2002)
- "The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 108 of 1996"[URL]
- "Convention on Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage" (2003)[URL]
- "White Paper on Arts, Culture and Heritage" (1996)[URL]