중경시기 대한민국임시정부의 승인외교 실패원인에 대한 검토

Abstract

The most important task of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Chungking was to be officially recognized by the Great Allied Powers as a government representing Koreans as well as to win military support from them. Then it could contribute to Japan’s defeat as a member of the Allied Nations and build a government in independent Korea which it wanted. For this, it did its best under a given condition, however, its diplomatic relations was frustrated in the end. At that time, the Kuomintang government of China and the leading Allied Powers like the United States of America, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union evaded or refused to recognize the Provisional Government of Korea giving their reason of its internal vulnerability, factional struggle and absence of connection in Korea. But their considering the issue to recognize the Provisional Government of Korea, they, first of all, made much of their interests in East Asia including the Korean peninsula. They scaled the issue to recognize the Provisional Government of Korea considering strategically who would fill the power vacuum in what way in East Asia after Japan’s defeat. From this perspective, the Kuomintang government of China was the only country which showed a friendly feeling for approval of the provisional government of Korea. The United Kingdom which had aspired to return to an empire after World War II consistently showed a negative reaction to Korea’s independence and its recognition of the Provisional Government of Korea. The Soviet Union which had concluded a neutrality pact with Japan kept silence about the issue of Korea, however, it assumed a negative attitude toward the Provisional Government of Korea with a pro-Chinese and pro-American disposition. The United States of American taking great pains to find a solution to the Korean issue by agreement between the Great Allied Powers came to present the idea of the trusteeship of postwar Korea. Through this, the United States tried to cut off the unilateral exercise of influence of China or the Soviet Union over Korea and at the same time secure its superior right of speaking in the issue of Korea. In short, the cause of the failure of diplomacy of the Provisional Government of Korea in Chungking was due to international factors rather than its internal limit or vulnerability, that is, the Great Power’s different understanding and interests had a more significant effect on the Korean issue