산업스파이 활동과 탐정의 역할

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of private investigators being used in major overseas countries as national authority alone has limitations to protect Korea's core technologies threatened by developing countries such as China. In addition, in Korea, private investigators have had difficulties in legislating the system due to the confrontation between the National Police Agency and the Ministry of Justice over the past 20 years, but it is meaningful in that they have been able to conduct detective activities that are not included in the investigation of privacy without enacting new laws or revising the current law due to the judgment of the Constitutional Court of Korea in 2018 and the administrative interpretation of the Financial Services Commission and the National Police Agency, which are the jurisdiction over the Credit Information Act. In order to carry out this study, qualitative and quantitative studies were integrated. First, for the qualitative data processing, five private security companies, located in Gumi, Korea, with experience in controlling industrial technology leakage were randomly selected. Among them, samples were gathered based on the understanding of private investigators and the experience of at least 10 years, and semi in-depth interviews were conducted. Data saturation was obtained through 10-15 repeated interviews on the questions. For the quantitative data processing, the reliability was verified based on the results of the survey and was analyzed using the Cronbach's α coefficient, frequency analysis, t-test, and ANOVA were performed with the SPSS 23.0. The findings are as follows. Qualitative analysis has categorized high-tech overseas leakage prevention activities, R&D outcomes and research data protection activities, industrial security education and consulting activities, intellectual property rights infringement-related response activities, in-house industrial espionage reporting, and counseling activities, and quantitative analysis using the above categorization data as a questionnaire confirmed that there were no statistically significant differences in regards to the role of private investigators in industrial espionage activities according to gender, age, academic background, work experience, and statistical experience in industrial technology leakage. Based on this, the conclusion of this study was judged to be reasonable to confirm that the questions used in this study were the main areas of detective work in industrial espionage.