1930년대 중국에서 전개된 김성숙의 번역 활동과 그 사상적 맥락

Abstract

From the Canton Uprising in December 1927 until the first half of the 1930s, the details of Kim Sung Suk’s (1898-1969) activities in China remained a gap in previous research. Recently, it was revealed that during this period, Kim Sung Suk translated the following Japanese academic books into Chinese and published them in China. These are Tokuzo Fukuda’s Japanese Economic History, Tsugimaro Imanaka’s National Socialism, Israel.Ya, Weinstein’s Hegel, Marx, Lenin. This book was translated into Japanese by Takeo Naoi, the title of the Chinese translation is the whole process of Dialectic(辯證法全程). This study examines what kind of books Kim Sung Suk translated, the context in which Kim’s translation activities took place, and how it relates to the establishment of Kim Sung Suk’s ideology. The three books above translated by Kim were all in-depth works written by leading scholars in this field in Japan. Japanese Economic History, which sought to understand the economic development process of Japan, the party that colonized Joseon, National Socialism, which analyzed the problems of German and Italian fascism at the time, and also dialectical epistemology. The translation of Hegel, Marx, Lenin, a research book that analyzes the past history and present and predicts the future, was a significant source of nourishment to Kim’s construction of the theory of the independence movement. Above all, he was able to grasp the world’s ideological trends at the time, analyze the logic of Japan’s colonization of Joseon based on Marxism, and recognize the uniqueness of Joseon. It seems that these translation activities could have been accomplished through the cooperation of his Chinese wife Du Junhui(1904-1981), and in addition, the background of the boom in Japanese translation in Shanghai in the 1930s provided economic benefits to Kim’s family. However, Kim Sung Suk returned to the forefront of the independence movement by organizing the Korean National Liberation Alliance in early 1936. The influence of his translation activities can be seen in his writings in the late 1930s. In particular, in Student Movement in Anti-Colonial Countries (1936), Kim did not simply develop his argument limited to the student movement, but since Kim fled to China, he developed a warm-hearted ideological orientation and perception of the phenomenon, and diagnosed it. And it reveals that it is based on ‘dialectical’ thinking as a tool to observe the future. For Kim, dialectics formed the framework of perception that enabled him to analyze reality and predict the future. In addition, it emphasizes that for the success of the revolution, one must persevere and take on challenges toward the goal without giving in to the trials and errors that occur in the process. Kim Sung Suk criticized the communist theory that emphasized class conflict as a strategy for the independence movement, and believed that in the reality of colonial Joseon, the issue of ‘nation’ was more important than ‘class’. He consistently emphasized the unity and cooperation of all national forces for the national liberation struggle. Since Joseon is still a semi-feudal colonial society, he diagnosed that it is at the stage of an anti-imperialist national liberation movement rather than a socialist revolution. He avoided ideological confrontations, conflicts within political factions, conflicts of interest between classes, and all these ‘internal contradictions’ and pursued the liberation of the entire nation. He summarized his political orientation as the ‘democratic socialism’ of Germany and Denmark after Korea’s liberation in 1945. Looking at the overall development process of Kim Sung Suk’s thought, the period of translation activity centered on Japanese social science books in the early 1930s can be characterized as the storage and development of his ideology.