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遺傳子變形體의 國際的規制와 WTO 規範

International Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms and WTO Rules

이재곤
법무부 (Ministry of Justice)|2004.12|국제법무연구 (Journal of International Legal Affairs)|제60호|pp. 88-130

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WTO세계무역기구Genetically Modified Organisms(GMO)TBT AgreementSPS AgreementBiosafety유전자변형체생명공학안전성카르타헤나생명공학안전성의정서세계무역기구규범무역 및 관세에 관한 일반협정 1994위생 및 검역협정기술장벽협정세이빙조항환경다변조약Cartagena Biosafety ProtocolWTO RulesGATT 1994Saving ClauseMultilateral Environmental Agreement(MEA)
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초록

Abstract

The rapid development of biotechnology might open the door to lead to a solution of various problems with which human society has been struggling to eliminate or alleviate, such as famine, decease and environmental pollution. Biotechnology has also been considered as a dangerous technology to bring some risks to human health and environment. To cope with the danger arising from the development of biotechnology and the use of results of the technology, international society has been trying to adopt international documents, such as OECD recommendations, UNEP guidelines and Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. There could be a conflict between the regulation of biotechnology and its results, genetically modified organisms and the WTO rules, because the terms of both international biosafety regulations and WTO rules could apply to the international trade of genetically modified organisms that may pose risks to the human health and environment. The article analyzes the contents and present situation of the international regulation of biosafety with special emphasis on the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. The article is also to see if there is any possibility of conflict between international regulation of biosafety and WTO rules. Then, methods of harmonization of the two norms is seeked in the last part of the article. The prevention of import of genetically modified organisms and products using genetically modified organisms and the application of "precautionary principle" could, at least technically, conflict with WTO rules. The harmonized interpretation of two rules could be tried and the biosafety criterion provided in the international biosafety related documents could be incorporated in the WTO rules. The Contracting Parties of the Biosafety Protocol could adopt a subsequent agreement to clarify the relationship with WTO rules.

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관련 논문AI추천

遺傳子變形食品 貿易紛爭과 SPS協定上의 科學的 리스크 評價주진열법무부 · 국제법무연구2003 · 제52호WTO와 현대생명공학주진열법무부 · 국제법무연구2007 · 제76호유전자변형농산물로부터의 소비자보호를 위한 미국의 법제분석왕상한한국사법학회 · 비교사법2005 · 제12권 제2호한미FTA가 국내 GMO관련 법제도에 미치는 영향김은진법학연구소 · 원광법학2007 · 제23권 제2호식물유전자원에 관한 국제규범 고찰오윤석한국농촌경제연구원 · 농촌경제2005 · 제28권 제2호<논문> 생명공학기술의 국제법적 보호와 지속가능한 농업발전심영규 Shim Young-Gyoo한국농촌경제연구원 · 농촌경제2003 · 제26권 제3호

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