근린공원의 CPTED 디자인 사례분석에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) As an increasing tendency of the crime rate at the neighborhood parks in recent days, the anxiety of citizens is becoming higher, and accordingly, it has been shed light on the importance and necessity of the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) for securing safety from crimes. In this aspect, this study aimed to first analyze the cases of neighborhood parks that have employed the CPTED design in order to prevent the ever-increasing crimes and to ensure that citizens safely use and relax the parks under the rapidly changing society, and then to propose a safe CPTED design of neighborhood parks based on the case analysis. (Method) In order to design the effective CPTED of neighborhood parks, this study explored the theoretical background of the issues to be improved through investigating the relevant literature and proceeded the in-depth study with regard to CPTED design of neighborhood parks by focusing on the recent study trend as well as the cases of CPTED design. In terms of the spatial scope for the cases, this study selected 4 neighborhood parks in South Korea in which the CPTED design was reflected. As for the study method, 5 domains such as safety, openness, utilization, eco-friendliness, and sustainability were derived from precedent studies as the evaluation items, and based on the domains and their details that were derived, the analysis was conducted on the 4 cases of neighborhood parks through surveys with the design experts and users of the neighborhood parks. (Results) This study analyzed the 4 cases of neighborhood parks located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do province of South Korea, which were designed by applying the CPTED design of neighborhood parks after 2013 and the analysis results revealed that the safety domain was insufficient overall. In particular, safety, which is deemed as the most critical factor in the CPTED design, as well as the position of emergency bells, which directly affects safety, received a relatively low appraisal in all 4 neighborhood parks. In this context, even though the design of a neighborhood park is important for crime prevention, it was believed that the location of a park also had an important impact on the safety. (Conclusions) Thus, from the case analyses of neighborhood parks by applying the CPTED design, it was concluded that the utilization of neighborhood parks can be raised by demonstrating decreased actual crime rate and reduced anxiety of citizens. In addition, it is expected that this study will contribute to planning and designing the neighborhood parks that citizens can safely use.