시지각 심리원리와 디자인의 연관성에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Among four major design paradigms of the 21st century, which are digital, environment, culture, and human, this research focused on human-centered design paradigm. The background for the development of human-centered design is the shift of global economy toward the service economy, especially in developed countries including South Korea. In the service economy, psychological value created through the management of consumer experience is the key factor for attaining company profits. Therefore, this study investigated the principles of design psychology that should be applied to enhance psychological value of design. This paper focused on the principles of perceptual psychology, especially of visual perception. (Method) This research adopted literature review as the main research methodology. Literature in psychology, consumer psychology, designology, and design history were studied. In addition, case analysis was used, and actual design example for each principle was presented as empirical data. (Results) The types of perceptual enhancement that designers need to achieve in their work are 'reinforcement of gaze and attention', 'reinforcement of intended forms', 'enhancement of perceptual grouping', 'enhancement of perception using color psychology', and 'enhancement of perception using optical illusion'. First, principles related to 'reinforcement of gaze and attention' were analyzed as the law of good continuation, threat detection & negativity effect, perception of change & sensory adaption, perceptual blindness, and selective attention & figure-ground principle. Second, principles related to 'reinforcement of intended forms' were analyzed as law of Pragnanz, law of closure, context effect, perceptual constancy, and dark adaptation & light adaptation. Third, principles related to 'enhancement of perceptual grouping' were analyzed as law of similarity, law of proximity, law of common fate, and law of uniform connectedness. Fourth, principles related to 'enhancement of perception using color psychology' were analyzed as the reinforcement of senses for space, volume, temperature, weight, speed, and time by colors, and also as the reinforcement of synesthesia for taste, touch, smell, and hearing by colors. Fifth, principles related to 'enhancement of perception using optical illusion' were analyzed as augmented spatial sense by linear perspective and increased saturation by complementary color contrast. (Conclusions) This paper attempted to systematize the principles of design psychology, which have been applied individually by each designer. It especially focused on the principles regarding visual perception. Through that, it tried to provide the evidence of the fact that designers who want to create human-oriented designs have to pay more attention to the aspects of perceptual psychology for design elements.