청년 1인가구의 주거환경과 우울감에 관한 탐색적 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Today's single-person households are the most typical household type in our society due to the progress of urbanization, rising aspirations for personal life, improving women's education levels and increasing gender equality awareness, changing values for marriage and family, low birth rates and aging populations. It became. Single-person households often suffer from emotional loneliness due to irregular lifestyles in a socially isolated environment. The purpose of this study is to grasp the housing status, housing satisfaction, and degree of depression in a single family of young people, and at the same time, explore the interrelationships among them. (Method) In order to carry out the purpose of this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on young single-person households residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, and a total of 99 samples were used for the final analysis. The questionnaire items consisted of general characteristics such as gender, monthly income, occupation, education, housing characteristics, housing satisfaction and housing environment satisfaction, life problems, stress factors in everyday life, and depression. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 26 program. (Results) Respondents had the highest level of satisfaction with basic living facilities (cooling and heating, water and sewage, information and communication facilities, etc.), and high satisfaction with accessibility of commercial facilities and transportation in residential environments. It was found that the primary factors in housing choice for single-person youth households are functional amenities, life convenience facilities, and public transportation accessibility. However, the satisfaction with the soundproofing performance of house, external noise, and the comfort of the residential environment was low. Respondents pointed out health, medical care, income, and housing stability as the main causes of stress in their daily lives. One fifth of respondents felt severe depression. Women, rather than men, the lower the incomes, higher academic backgrounds, and lower social interaction levels, which showed higher depression. In the housing type, who lived in an officetel or a one-room, rented, or longer living alone, the depression was higher. (Conclusions) When the housing stability was low, depression was high. Therefore, it was confirmed that there was a correlation between them. Single-person youth households show high residential satisfaction centering on the functional convenience, accessibility, and convenience of the surrounding environment, while it appears to be living in an environment of low quality in terms of noise and comfort. Considering the main life problems pointed out by single-person youth households, further studies in various aspects are needed to improve their quality of life in the future.