아비투스(Habitus) 관점으로 본 치매 마을의 공간 특성 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) The aging population, along with various social problems, has led to an explosive increase in the prevalence of dementia. The vast majority of dementia patients who have increased rapidly move into dementia facilities in their existing living spaces. The sudden change in the environment causes patients to experience daily destruction caused by social isolation and disconnection of relationships. This has resulted in feelings of helplessness, depression, inaction, avoidance, violent behavior, rejection of treatment, and loss of motivation for life. As a solution to overcome these problems that appear in dementia patients, it is necessary to understand social relations, human activities, and the formation of Habitus in space. This study aims to produce analysis results based on Habitus spatial characteristics and detailed factors to build a dementia-friendly environment in dementia villages. (Method) Four dementia villages established overseas shall be selected from among dementia facilities. Based on prior research and literature, the concept of Habitus and dementia villages is considered. It extracts the strategic elements of the dementia village and derives the spatial characteristics and detailed elements of the dementia village through its relationship with the psychological spatial elements of the concept of Habitus. Analyze dementia villages based on derived factors. (Results) The three spatial characteristics of Habitus in the village of dementia are derived: 'placeability', 'sociality' and 'culturality'. First, the detailed elements of placeability are attachment environment, daily life, and symbolism. It was shown that four dementia villages were uniformly characterized by high intensity. Second, the detailed elements of sociality are interaction, community, and regional co-prosperity. Third, the detailed elements of culturality are experience, openness, and accessibility. Culturality has the lowest frequency among the three characteristics. Among the detailed elements of the four dementia villages, attachment environment, daily life, interaction, and community characteristics are all high at the same intensity. Among the detailed elements, accessibility is very poor, and local co-prosperity and experience are also low frequencies. (Conclusions) As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the spatial characteristics of Habitus are an important core concept of dementia villages. For humans, residential space is not just a concept of a place, but a structured social relationship based on interaction and a method of decision-making embodied in unconsciousness. It is hoped that it will be used as a basic data to create a dementia village that prevents social isolation and creates a psychological healing environment through the characteristics of Habitus for dementia patients who feel disconnected due to residential movements.