텍스트마이닝 분석에 의한 코로나19 전후의 오피스 디자인 인식에 대한 연구
A Study on General Thoughts on Office Design before and after COVID-19 through Text Mining Analysis
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(연구배경 및 목적) 코로나19 이후 업무방식과 환경은 많은 변화를 겪었다. 재택근무를 중심으로 한 다양한 원격 근무 형태들이 등장하고, 협업, 학습, 웰빙이 강조되면서 기존 업무 공간과 다른 새로운 공간 디자인 전략이 필요하게 되었다. 소셜미디어의 빅데이터는 과거와 현재의 일반적인 아이디어를 효과적으로 반영하며, 미래 트렌드를 예측하기 위해 다양한 분야에서 활용도가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 소셜미디어를 활용하여 코로나19 전후 오피스디자인에 일반적인 인식을 비교·분석함으로써, 미래 오피스디자인의 방향을 모색해 보고자 한다. (연구방법) 문헌고찰을 통해 오피스디자인의 변화, 텍스트마이닝을 이용한 소셜미디어 데이터 분석의 유용성과 공간디자인 분야에서의 활용에 대하여 살펴보았다. 텍스트 형태의 빅데이터 수집 프로그램인 TEXTOM을 활용하여 ‘업무공간 디자인’, ‘오피스디자인’, ‘사무실디자인’을 키워드로 대표적인 포털 검색 사이트인의 블로그와 카페 게시글을 대상으로 데이터를 수집하였다. 수집한 데이터는 빅데이터 분석 솔루션 프로그램인 TEXTOM과 UCINET 6를 활용하여 빈도분석, TF-IDF, 연결중심성, CONCOR 분석을 진행하였다. (결과) 빈도분석 결과, 1) 코로나19 발생 전에는 공간활용과 개인공간을 강조하는 단어들이, 코로나19 발생 중에는 재택근무와 관련된 단어가. 코로나19 종료 후에는 감각과 자연과 관련된 단어의 출현빈도가 높았다. 2) TF-IDF 분석 결과, 코로나19 발생 전에는 ‘스마트오피스’가, 코로나19 발생 중에는 ‘홈’의 중요성이 부각되었고, 코로나19 종료후에는 ‘홈오피스’가 강조되었다. 3) CONCOR분석 결과, 코로나19 발생 전에는 ‘업무효율성’, ‘스마트업무’, ‘업무기능성’, ‘디자인’, 코로나19 발생 중에는 ‘원격업무’, ‘재택근무’, ‘업무효율성’, ‘디자인’, 코로나19 종료 후에는 ‘업무근접성’, ‘홈오피스’, ‘자연친화’의 총 11개의 군집이 추출되었다. (결론) 1) 코로나19는 업무공간의 물리적 환경을 변화시켰으나, 업무의 특성상 효율성에 대한 관심은 여전하고, 이를 해결할 수 있는 대체공간으로 공유오피스에 대한 관심이 증가한 것으로 보인다. 2) 코로나19의 발생으로 재택근무와 화상회의가 일상화되고 코로나19 종식 후에도 근무자들의 건강과 안전을 고려해 재택근무가 지속되면서, 재택근무가 선택가능한 업무방식의 하나로 인식되었다. 3) 코로나19 발생 전과 발생 중에 중요하게 생각되었던 업무의 효율성이나 업무공간의 디자인은 코로나19 종료 후 업무공간의 근접성과 자연친화와 같은 사용자의 건강과 휴식에 대한 관심으로 변화되었다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) Office environments have undergone significant changes since the outbreak of COVID-19. Various forms of remote work have emerged, primarily centered on telecommuting. It has become necessary to consider new office design strategies distinct from traditional ones, with an increased emphasis on collaboration, learning, and well-being. Big data from social media effectively reflect past and current public ideas and are increasingly utilized across various fields to predict future trends. This study aims to compare general ideas about office design before and after COVID-19 and explore directions for future office design through the analysis of big data from social media. (Method) Through a literature review, we examined changes in office design, the utility of big data analysis through text mining, and its application to space design. Data were collected and analyzed using keywords such as “office design,” “workplace design,” and “workspace design” from blogs and café posts on leading domestic web search portals using TEXTOM—a big data collection program in text format. The collected data were subjected to frequency, TF-IDF, centrality, and CONCOR analyses using the big data analysis solution programs TEXTOM and UCINET 6. (Results) Frequency analysis revealed that before COVID-19, terms emphasizing space utilization and personal space were prevalent. During COVID-19, terms related to telecommuting became more frequent. After COVID-19, terms associated with sensory experiences and nature appeared more often. TF-IDF analysis determined that before COVID-19, “smart office” was a key term. During COVID-19, the importance of“home”emerged. After COVID-19,“home office”became prominent. CONCOR analysis identified eleven clusters: before COVID-19, clusters included“work efficiency,”“smart work,”“work functionality,” and“design”; during COVID-19, clusters comprised“remote work,”“telecommuting,”“work efficiency,”and “design”; after COVID-19, clusters shifted to“work proximity,”“home office,”and“environmentally friendly.” (Conclusions) 1) COVID-19 has changed the physical environment of workplaces; however, the need for efficiency remains, and co-working spaces are considered an alternative to address this requirement. 2) Telecommuting and video conferencing have become commonplace since the outbreak of COVID-19; as workers continue to prioritize health and safety concerns by working from home, even after the pandemic, telecommuting has been recognized as a viable option. 3) The emphasis on work efficiency and workspace design, which were crucial before and during the pandemic, shifted to prioritizing user health and relaxation, such as through proximity and environmentally friendly workplaces after COVID-19.
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