피터 춤토르의 종교적 공간에 나타나는‘두려운 신비’특성 연구 - 브루더 클라우스 필드 채플 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

(Background and Purpose)As human life changes and evolves, religion remains a crucial aspect of human existence and continues to pursue its meaning of life. Regarded as foundational to modern religious studies, Rudolf Otto's concept of “Mysterium Tremendum” is considered the central idea in his theory of the sacred, as it distances itself from latent common notions, value judgments, and theological interpretations inherent to human understanding. This study aims to extend the concept of the Mysterium Tremendum from religious theory to an understanding of religious spaces. By analyzing the Bruder Klaus Field Chapel, this research aims to provide insights that contribute to the study of contemporary religious architecture and the design of new sacred spaces. (Method) This study proceeded in four steps. First, it examined the theoretical background of Otto and explored the comprehensive meaning of the sacred in his work, focusing on the distinctive nature of Mysterium Tremendum. Second, the architectural characteristics of the Bruder Klaus Field Chapel were analyzed to form the basis for understanding its spatial features. Third, this study investigated the concept of the Mysterium Tremendum through representative examples to identify its specific manifestations in religious spaces. Based on these analyses, the characteristics of Mysterium Tremendum observed in the Bruder Klaus Field Chapel were studied to draw meaningful conclusions. (Results) This study yielded several key findings. First, the Bruder Klaus Field Chapel elicited the essence of Mysterium Tremendum through a contrast between the vastness of its natural surroundings and the confronting darkness within it, isolating the perceiver from the ordinary world. Second, drastic shifts in ceiling height and perspective intensified religious emotions in the perceiver. The inclusion of water further amplified a sense of vertical spatiality, evoking profound humility. Third, the movement of light streaming through the ceiling and interaction with the patterned walls infused the space with vitality, capturing the dynamic nature of Mysterium Tremendum. The architect enhanced this vitality by arranging the scattered light points to appear as if they were revolving around the central openings. Fourth, the use of unconventional construction methods and unfamiliar materials created disorientation and a sense of otherness, making the space itself an embodiment of Mysterium Tremendum. (Conclusions) The Bruder Klaus Field Chapel exhibited the attributes of separation, intensification, vitality, and otherness through contrasts of darkness, vertical spatiality, light dynamics, and materiality. These findings demonstrate how spatial expressions are directly connected to human emotional responses to the Mysterium Tremendum. This study highlights specific design strategies that enhance sacred experiences and offers valuable insights for future religious architectural projects and spatial analyses.