Tentative Assessment of General Theory of Crime

Abstract

Theory is a tool by which we conceptualize and give meaning to what we encounter and observe in the real world (describe) and is an attempt to make sense of why and how (explain). Theory also can be a tool of predicting and anticipating what may be observed and controlling things that exist in our environment and world (predict and control). Therefore, we can say that theory has roots in the real world and also has consequences for that real world. In the field of criminological theories, there are three major schools which is often referred to as ‘classical’, ‘positive’ and ‘critical’ criminology. Each of those schools has its own distinct assumptions about human nature and what the society in which all the individuals are involved is like. And, based on those assumptions, they try to describe, explain, and predict/control what is happening in the real world in different ways. In this paper, I argue that only ‘self-control theory’ has more potential and can be applied to any criminal phenomenon. Focusing on the ‘self-control’ theory, I will try to identify the historical context in which this theory is rooted, and then, summarize its basic assumption and theoretical structure to find out what is unique or different in this perspective from other theoretical traditions. Moreover, by reviewing the prior empirical studies, I will discuss the theory’s explanatory strength and weakness in the real world. And by doing so, I will attempt to evaluate its theoretical appropriateness and current usage as well. Then, I will suggest future researches appropriate to the subsequent refinement and development of this theory.