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정신질환유형에 따른 배경정보와 범죄현장행동특성 예측요인 연구

Mentally Ill Offender’s Background Characteristics and Predictors in Crime-Scene-Action

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참고문헌

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주제분류법학

초록

본 연구에서는 정신질환 하위유형에 따라 범죄현장행동과 사회․인구학적 특성 간에 차이를 구체적으로 살펴보고자 하였을 뿐 아니라 특정 범죄현장행동 특징을 잘 예측할 수 있는 정신질환 변인들이 무엇인지 탐색적 수준에서 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 SCAS에 2006년부터 2014년까지 입력되었던 자료 중에 정신질환 진단을 받았던 경력이 있는 범죄자들 167명의 데이터를 활용하여 분석했다. 정신질환 범죄자 집단은 조현병, 기분장애, 조절장애, 성격장애, 지적장애 그리고 물질남용으로 총 6개 하위 유형으로 구분하여 분석을 하였다. 기본적인 배경특성과 대조집단(즉, 비진단 범죄자 집단)과의 비교분석을 위해 교차분석을 실시했고, 비진단 집단과 정신장애 유형이 범죄현장행동 간에 어떤 관련성이 있는지 알아보기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 정신질환 집단과 비진단 집단 간에 대조 되는 특성들이 일부 나타났다. 구체적으로 정신질환 집단과 비진단 집단의 가해자 배경특성에서는 가해자의 학력, 결혼여부, 동거인의 유무, 물질남용 그리고 범죄경력 및 유형, 피해자 배경특성에서는 피해자의 성별 및 연령대, 면식관계여부에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 다음으로 정신질환 집단과 비진단 집단의 범죄행동특성을 비교해본 결과, 범행 장소, 상해부위(예, 수족, 몸통, 머리, 목 등), 범행도구(예, 칼, 몸둥이류, 끈·줄류 등) 그리고 살해방식 중 때리기에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 마지막으로 범행현장행동 관련성 분석을 하였고, 각각의 정신질환 유형이 준거집단(즉, 비진단 집단)에 비해 일부분 범죄현장행동(예, 피해자 성별, 범행도구준비, 상해부위, 범행도구, 범행방식)을 유의미하게 예측하는 변인으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 정신질환 진단 집단의 특성과 범죄행동에 대한 이해를 돕고, 실제 수사 현장에서 보이는 개별 범죄현장행동이 정신질환 진단 범죄자의 범죄행동인지 판단하는데 있어 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

Abstract

The purpose of the current study is that the background characteristics of mentally ill offenders in relation to their diagnosis were empirically explored. Along with this, the difference between general(non-diagnostic) offenders and mentally ill offenders were investigated. Furthermore, the variables to predict crime scene actions were also investigated. Crime scene information were extracted based on the data such as crime scene index, collateral information, and various investigative data extracted from SCAS registered between 2006 and 2014 and then 167 Korean offenders belonging to six different diagnostic categories were used for the analysis. As a result, compared to non-diagnostic offenders, some of the variables in diagnosed group were significantly differentiated, in concordance with previous literatures. Specifically, in terms of offender's variables, the grade level of offenders, marriage statue, substance abuse, and criminal history were significantly differentiated. In addition, with respect to the victim's variables, sex, age ranges and relationship were also significantly different. Last, in terms of crime scene behaviors between diagnostic group and non-diagnostic group, crime scene, injured part of body (e.g., hands and feet, head, neck and so on), weapon type (knife, blunt, string) and heating as a homicidal method were significantly differentiated. Also, some significant variables to predict crime scene actions were distinctively identified. For example, victim's sex, weapon preparation, injured part, weapon usage, method oprandi were significantly predicted especially in diagnostic group. The findings could be applied to the understanding of crime scene actions in mentally ill offense as well as provide initial implication or clues to assist law enforcement. Further future research’s direction and recommendations were discussed.

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