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조이 하조의 『그녀에게는 말 몇 필이 있었다』: 생존의 노래

Joy Harjo's She Had Some Horses : The Song of Survival

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This paper examines how Joy Harjo's She Had Some Horses presents her consciousness of survival. It pays more attention to the ways of how the poet relates the theme of survival to that of love. For Harjo, fear is another name of survival and it originates from the dualistic polarity. The poet describes the tragic life of native American people caught in that duality. Noni Daylight, the other-self of the poet, represents such a native person in adversity. The poet employs language to show the contradiction of Western rationality and to support the significance of a holistic world view. English language, for Harjo, denies a union between humans and natural environment, while tribal languages respect the man/nature communion. Harjo, thus, argues for a land-based language that connects people to nature. The contextual view of the world, Harjo believes, is able to restore human/nature interdependence with an intense love for others.

Abstract

This paper examines how Joy Harjo's She Had Some Horses presents her consciousness of survival. It pays more attention to the ways of how the poet relates the theme of survival to that of love. For Harjo, fear is another name of survival and it originates from the dualistic polarity. The poet describes the tragic life of native American people caught in that duality. Noni Daylight, the other-self of the poet, represents such a native person in adversity. The poet employs language to show the contradiction of Western rationality and to support the significance of a holistic world view. English language, for Harjo, denies a union between humans and natural environment, while tribal languages respect the man/nature communion. Harjo, thus, argues for a land-based language that connects people to nature. The contextual view of the world, Harjo believes, is able to restore human/nature interdependence with an intense love for others.

참고문헌 (11)

  1. Allen, Paula Gunn, "The Sacred Hoop: Recovering the Feminine in American Indian Traditions" (1986), Beacon P
  2. Bryson, J. Scott, "Finding the Way Back: Place and Space in the Ecological Poetry of Joy Harjo", MELUS, 27(3), pp.169~196 (2002)
  3. Bruchac, Joseph, "Many Tongues: Native American Poetry Today", The North Dakota Quarterly, 55(4), pp.239~244 (1987)
  4. Coltelli, Laura, "Joy Harjo's Poetry. In The Cambridge Companion to Native American Literature", pp.283~295 (2005), Cambridge UP
  5. Harjo, Joy, "Introduction. In How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems: 1975-2001" (2002), Norton
  6. Harjo, Joy, "She Had Some Horses" (1983), Thunder's Mouth P
  7. Harjo, Joy, "Survival This Way: Interviews with American Indian Poets" (1987), Sun Tracks & U of Arizona P
  8. Lang, Nancy, "Twin Gods Bending Over: Joy Harjo and Poetic Memory", MELUS, 18(3), pp.41~49 (1993)
  9. Murphy, Patrick D., "Literature, Nature, and Other: Ecofeminist Critiques" (1995), State U of New York P
  10. Quetchenbach, Bernard, "Joy Harjo. In Twentieth-Century American Nature Poets", pp.164~171 (2008), Gale
  11. Smith, "Earthly Relations, Carnal Knowledge: Southwestern American Indian Women Writers and Landscape. In The Desert Is No Lady: Southwestern Landscapes in Women's Writing and Art", pp.174~ (1987), Yale UP

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