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경제성평가를 위한 아동의 일반적 건강기술체계의 개발

Development of a health descriptive system for children for economic evaluation

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

본 연구의 목적은 아동을 위한 일반적인 선호기반의 건강측정 도구를 개발하는 첫 번째 단계로서 건강기술체계를 개발하는 것이었다. 아동이 가진 건강개념을 조사하기 위한 표본은 두 개의 초등학교와 한 개의 대학병원에서 모집하였다. 참여자는 총 91명으로 1학년부터 6학년까지 골고루 포함되었다. 두 명의 훈련된 면접원이 아동으로부터 건강 개념을 도출하기 위하여 다양한 개방형 질문을 던졌다. 모든 면접은 녹음되고 전사되었다. 전사된 내용의 질적분석을 위하여 NVivo 10이 활용되었다. 질적분석을 통해 작성된 건강기술체계 초안에 대하여 아동, 교사, 전문가들에 의해 내용타당도가 평가되었고, 1차로 수정을 하였다. 마지막으로 아동을 대상으로 수정된 건강기술체계에 대한 인지적 면접을 통하여 2차 수정을 하고 확정하였다. 아동의 건강 개념과 직간접적으로 관련된 100개 이상의 단어와 구절들이 추출되었다. 이 단어와 구절들은 8개의 주제어로 분류되어 건강기술체계의 초안으로 개발되었다. 내용타당도와 인지적 면접을 통해 이 문항들과 각 문항의 수준들이 수정되었다. 최종적인 건강기술체계인 CH-6D는 3개 혹은 4개의 수준으로 구성된 6개의 문항-공부, 뛰기/놀기, 기운, 기분, 고통/불편감, 친구들과 어울려 놀기-을 포함하고 있다. 본 연구는 6개의 비교적 단순한 항목으로 구성된 아동의 건강기술체계를 개발하였다. 이 도구가 아동을 대상으로 하는 경제성평가에 활용되기 위해서는 향후 이 도구가 기술하는 건강상태에 대한 가치를 평가하는 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a health descriptive system as the first step of developing a generic preference-based health measure for children. The sample was recruited from two elementary schools and one university hospital. The total number of participants was 91 whose grades ranged from 1 to 6. Two trained interviewers asked various open-ended questions to elicit health concepts of children. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed. NVivo 10 was used for the qualitative analysis. Based on this qualitative analysis, the first draft of descriptive system was developed. Content validity was tested by children, teachers, and experts. Lastly, cognitive interview was performed on children. Over 100 words and phrases that were directly or indirectly related to concept of health were extracted. After carefully and repeatedly reviewing these words and phrases, we categorized them into 8 themes from which a descriptive system was developed. We modified the items and the levels of the items based on the interviews to test its content validity and the cognitive interview results. The final descriptive system named as CH-6D included six items-study, running/playing sports, energy, mood, pain/discomfort, and playing or getting along with friends, of which levels were either 3 or 4. This study developed a health descriptive system for children which consisted of 6 items. Valuation studies where values are estimated for the health states of CH-6D are needed to utilize this measure for an economic evaluation for children.

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