인지 모형에 기반한 자살시도자의 의사결정 특성 분석
Analysis of Decision-Making Characteristics of Suicide Attempts Based on Cognitive Models
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초록
본 연구는 자살시도자의 의사결정 능력을 검토하기 위해 아이오와 도박과제를 활용하여 21명의 자살시도군의 수행을, 22명의 건강한 대조군 및 24명의 자살시도 경험이 없는 임상 대조군의 수행과 비교하였다. 아이오와 도박과제의 총 네트점수에서 임상 대조군이 건강한 대조군과 비교해 유의한 수행 저하를 나타냈다. 자살시도군은 총 네트 점수 평균이나 구간별 카드 선택에서 임상 대조군과 유사한 수행 패턴을 보였음에도, 건강한 대조군과의 수행 차이가 유의한 수준에 도달하지는 못하였다. 반복측정 변량분석 결과, 건강한 대조군만이 과제 후반부로 갈수록 유리한 카드 더미에 관한 선호가 증가하는 학습 효과를 보였다. 세 집단의 카드 선택을 설명하는데 가장 적합한 모형으로 나타난 ORL 모형을 토대로 세 집단의 수행 패턴을 비교하였다. 그 결과 자살시도군은 보상에 관한 민감도, 손실에 관한 민감도가 건강한 대조군보다 저하되어 있었다. 반면 이전 선택의 결과에 따라 다음 선택에 영향을 받지 않는 정도인 과거 선택 할인율은 자살시도군이 건강한 대조군보다 높게 나타나, 이전 선택의 결과가 긍정적이든 부정적이든 관계없이 빨리 망각하는 경향을 보였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study compared the performance of Iowa Gambling Task(IGT) of 21 suicide attempters with that of 22 healthy controls and 24 clinical controls to examine the suicide attempter’s decision-making ability. For the IGT total net score, clinical controls showed a significant decrease in the number of advantageous card selection compared to healthy controls. Although the suicide attempter showed similar performance to the clinical controls, the total net score difference from healthy controls was not significant. The result of repeated measure ANOVA revealed that only healthy controls showed an increase in preferences for advantageous card deck toward the end of the block. The choice pattern of the three groups was compared based on the ORL model, which proved to be the best model for explaining the card selection of three groups. Suicide attempters had lower sensitivity to reward and punishment than healthy controls. On the other hand, the discount rate of past choices was higher among the suicide attempters than among the healthy controls, which suggests that suicide attempters tended to forget past choice quickly regardless of whether the result of the previous choice was positive or negative. Finally, the implications and limitations of the results of the study are discussed, and directions for the future research are suggested.
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